■分析和比较COVID-19大流行之前和期间中国学龄儿童屈光参差发病率的时间趋势,并调查大流行对屈光参差发病率的影响。
■我们进行了一项回顾性研究,包括六个不同且独立的纵向队列,每个人都包括在2010年1月至2021年12月期间访问过联合汕头国际眼科中心的6至13岁儿童。根据儿童首次眼科就诊的年份:2010年,2012年,2014年,2016年,2018年或2020年,将其分为队列。只有初次就诊时没有屈光参差的儿童,随访18±6个月,包括在内。使用Kaplan-Meier估计和Cox比例风险回归模型分析屈光参差的累积发生率和危险因素。根据性别进行亚组分析,年龄组,初始屈光不正状态,和初始眼间SE差异。屈光参差儿童进一步分为近视和非近视,随后进行了亚组分析。
■从六个队列中招募了11,235名儿童(2010年:n=1,366;2012年:n=1,708;2014年:n=1,896;2016年:n=2,354;2018年:n=2,514;2020年:n=1,397),869名儿童在平均17.5±3.7个月的随访中出现屈光参差。在调整混杂因素后,我们发现,屈光参差的风险在2020年之前保持相对稳定,但在2020年队列中显著增加(校正HR2.93,95%CI2.23~3.86;p<0.001).这种趋势在球形屈光参差(校正HR2.52,95%CI1.60至3.97;p<0.001)和圆柱形屈光参差(校正HR2.91,95%CI1.69至3.62;p<0.001)的研究中持续存在。年龄较大和两眼之间SE的初始差异更大也与发生屈光参差的风险更高相关(p<0.001)。亚组分析一致显示,2020年队列风险增加。
■这项研究显示,在COVID-19大流行期间,中国学龄儿童的屈光参差发病率令人担忧。这些发现凸显了COVID-19大流行期间屈光参差风险的令人担忧的上升,并强调了早期发现和管理以保护儿童视觉健康的重要性。
UNASSIGNED: To analyze and compare the temporal trends in the incidence of
anisometropia among Chinese school-aged children both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to investigate the impact of the pandemic on the incidence of anisometropia.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a retrospective study comprising six distinct and independent longitudinal cohorts, each including children aged 6 to 13 years who visited the Joint Shantou International Eye Center between January 2010 and December 2021. Children were grouped into cohorts based on the year of their first eye clinic visit: 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, or 2020. Only children without
anisometropia at initial visits, followed for 18 ± 6 months, were included. The cumulative incidence and risk factors of
anisometropia were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Subgroup analyses were performed based on sex, age groups, initial refractive error status, and initial interocular SE difference. Anisometropic children were further categorized into myopic and non-myopic, with subsequent subgroup analyses conducted.
UNASSIGNED: Of 11,235 children were recruited from six cohorts (2010: n = 1,366; 2012: n = 1,708; 2014: n = 1,896; 2016: n = 2,354; 2018: n = 2,514; 2020: n = 1,397), 869 children developed anisometropia during a mean follow-up of 17.5 ± 3.7 months. After adjustment of confounding factors, we found that the risk of
anisometropia remained relatively stable before 2020 but significantly increased in the 2020 cohort (adjusted HR 2.93, 95% CI 2.23 to 3.86; p < 0.001). This trend persisted in studies of spherical anisometropia (adjusted HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.60 to 3.97; p < 0.001) and cylindrical
anisometropia (adjusted HR 2.91, 95% CI 1.69 to 3.62; p < 0.001). Older age and a greater initial difference in SE between the two eyes were also significantly associated with a higher risk of developing anisometropia (p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses consistently showed increased risk in the 2020 cohort.
UNASSIGNED: This study reveals a concerning rise in anisometropia incidence among Chinese school-aged children during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the worrisome rise in anisometropia risk during the COVID-19 pandemic and emphasize the importance of early detection and management to safeguard children\'s visual health.