We herein report a case of a 4-year-old female patient who presented with anisometropic amblyopia with initial visual acuity recorded at 20/400 OD and 20/100 OS. The patient was recommended for patching. Eighteen months later, the patient presented with visual acuity of 20/60 OD and 20/80 and reverse amblyopia was noted. In settings of amblyopia, where alternate patching may be used, it is most likely that reverse amblyopia, if present, will affect the more myopic eye. However, unexpectedly, in this case, reverse amblyopia occurred in the less myopic eye. With discontinuation of occlusion therapy and continued use of optical correction, the patients reverse amblyopia resolved and the visual equity equalized. To our knowledge, this is the first case described in the literature demonstrating such an occurrence. Awareness of this rare presentation by clinicians is of great importance to aid in correctly diagnosing and treating such patients.

UNASSIGNED: Amblyopia affects 1-3% of the population, leading to irreversible vision loss in children and adults. Treatment options include refractive correction, occlusion therapy, and atropine penalization. Anisometropic amblyopia, caused by a difference in refractive status between the eyes, can be treated using contact lenses, glasses, ICL implantation, or cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation. Tecnis Eyhance IOL is a superior solution, improving vision after eye surgery with a low incidence of halo, glare, or starburst.
UNASSIGNED: The aim is to present the case of a patient with anisometropic amblyopia, in whom Eyhance IOL was implanted in both eyes as a solution to refractive error and initial cataract due to intolerance for contact lenses.
UNASSIGNED: A 58-year-old female patient presented to our clinic complaining of blurry vision in her left eye that had persisted for a year. The patient reported intolerance to contact lenses and a history of amblyopia in her right eye. CDVA was 0.20 with -9.00/-1.50 x 25◦ in her right and 0.80 with +4.00 sphere correction in her left eye, while her CNVA was J9 with +2.50 and J1 with +2.50. Slit-lamp examination revealed early cataracts in both eyes, with otherwise normal findings. A dilated fundus examination showed vitreous liquefaction and myopic macula in the right eye but normal results in both eyes\' posterior segments. The IOP was within normal limits, and the eye\'s axial length was measured. Considering the patient\'s intolerance to contact lenses, cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation was deemed appropriate. Given the anisometropic amblyopia, the Eyhance lens was selected to optimize the patient\'s visual acuity. Following the procedure, the patient\'s visual acuity improved significantly, with her best CDVA at 0.35 in the right eye and 0.95 in the left eye. With +1.50 sphere correction, the CNVA was also enhanced, with the patient reading at J4 and J1 for her right and left eye, respectively. These improvements may have positively impacted the patient\'s quality of life and ability to perform daily activities.
UNASSIGNED: Anisometropic amblyopia in 58-year-old women was treated successfully with cataract surgery and implantation of Eyhance IOL.

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Straatsma syndrome is the triad of myelinated retinal nerve fibers, myopia, and amblyopia and may be associated with strabismus, nystagmus, hypoplastic optic nerve, and heterochromia iridum. The degree of anisometropia, presence of strabismus, extent of myelination, and macular involvement have been reported to be associated with poor visual acuity after occlusion therapy for amblyopia in this syndrome. Here we present two cases of Straatsma syndrome with different responses to occlusion therapy and discuss their treatment responses according to prognostic factors for post-occlusion visual acuity.

Optic disc pits are rare congenital abnormalities. They are unilateral in 85% of the affected individuals. Optic disc pits occurring in the highly myopic eyes of the older adults are supposed to be acquired due to mechanical expansion of the disc from the axial elongation. High myopia is also a well described association of the optic disc pits of the congenital nature.  We present a rare case of bilateral congenital optic disc pits in a 15-year-old girl having anisometropic unilateral axial myopia and the emmetropia in the fellow eye. This unique combination of the findings of unilateral high myopia in a child with bilateral congenital optic disc pits, to the best of our knowledge has not been described in the literature earlier. Our case demonstrates a scenario where two different causative factors for the optic disc pits may be present concurrently in the same instance.

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UNASSIGNED: To report a case of rapid neuroadaptation to surgically-induced aniseikonia in a 17-year-old with preoperative anisometropia of 9.5 D.
UNASSIGNED: A 17-year-old female with a history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and progressive high myopia with resulting anisometropia secondary to conventional laser photocoagulation in her right eye was found to have diplopia after undergoing cataract surgery in that eye. Other etiologies of diplopia were ruled out and reversal of anisometropia remained the only viable diagnosis. Her diplopia fully resolved without intervention within one month of the surgery.
UNASSIGNED: In cases of neuroadaptation to long standing anisometropia, even if that anisometropia develops in infancy, abrupt reversal following surgery can be surprisingly well tolerated.

BACKGROUND: Knobloch Syndrome (KS) is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by occipital skull defects and vitreoretinal degeneration. Retinal detachment (RD) often occurs at the end of the first decade of life or later. Aside from occipital skull defects, central nervous system abnormalities are uncommon.
METHODS: We report on two siblings with KS. The first, a seven month old male, presented with nystagmus and was found to have a serous RD and a tessellated retinal appearance. His sister had a history of multiple visual abnormalities and had a similar retinal appearance although no signs of RD, but retina staphylomas. Genetic testing performed on both siblings showed a mutation in COL18A1, diagnostic of KS. MRI of both siblings demonstrated polymicrogyria but did not show occipital defects.
CONCLUSIONS: Although several families with KS have been described previously, our case is noteworthy for several reasons. The RD observed in our first patient occurred at an early age, and we find evidence of only one patient with KS who had an RD identified at an earlier age. The findings of polymicrogyria are not characteristic of KS, and we found only a few previous reports of this association. Additionally, we review potential treatment options for this condition.

BACKGROUND: Severe myopic anisometropia has been identified to have heritability, but the pathogenesis of anisometropia still remains obscure.
METHODS: Here, we presented a Chinese severe myopic anisometropia family with 5 members affected. Though using the exome sequencing, we identified a novel mutation in the UNC5D gene (c.1297C>T, p.R433C), which was predicted to have a damage effect on the protein function and kept highly conserved throughout evolution across species. As previously described, the UNC5D gene belongs to the UNC5 protein family and may have functions to regulate neuronal migration, axon guidance, and cell survival. The expression of UNC5D was also co-located at the visual areas of the mouse cortical regions at early postnatal ages.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide the first evidence for involvement of UNC5D gene in the severe myopic anisometropia.