背景:调查中国西北地区小学生屈光参差的患病率和矫正情况。
方法:在陕西省进行了一项横断面学校研究。在所有参与者中评估视力(VA)和无睫状肌麻痹的自动屈光,和一些接收的轴向长度(AL)测量。屈光参差根据球面等效性(SE)进行分类,圆柱形(CYL),和AL。不同年龄和性别的屈光参差和屈光矫正的患病率,和眼部参数之间的相关性,进行了分析。
结果:该研究包括29153名6-12岁(平均年龄9.52±1.73岁)的儿童进行了VA和自动屈光测量,和1176个孩子进行AL测量。近视患病率(SE≤-0.50D),远视(SE≥+0.50D),屈光参差(眼间SE差≥1.00D)为65.26%,15.09%,和16.50%,分别。屈光参差严重程度,基于SE(χ2=443.758,p<0.001),CYL(χ2=41.669,p<0.001),和AL(χ2=95.505,p<0.001),随着年龄的增长,两性之间没有显着差异。眼间SE差与眼间球面度数相关(r=0.806,p<0.001),CYL(r=0.21,p<0.001),和AL(r=0.365,p<0.001)。此外,眼间CYL差异与眼间AL差异呈正相关(r=0.16,p<0.001)。尽管屈光参差的患病率很高,不到30%的受影响儿童接受屈光矫正.
结论:SE屈光参差,CYL,AL随着年龄的增长而逐渐增加。尽管屈光参差的患病率升高,屈光矫正的利用率仍然非常低。
BACKGROUND: To investigate the prevalence and correction of
anisometropia among primary school children in northwestern China.
METHODS: A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted in Shaanxi Province. Visual acuity (VA) and autorefraction without cycloplegia were assessed in all participants, and some received axial length (AL) measurements.
Anisometropia was categorised based on spherical equivalent (SE), cylindrical (CYL), and AL. The prevalence of anisometropia and refractive correction across different ages and sexes, and correlations between ocular parameters, were analysed.
RESULTS: The study included 29 153 children aged 6-12 (mean age 9.52 ± 1.73 years) for VA and autorefraction measurements, and 1176 children for AL measurements. The prevalence of myopia (SE ≤ -0.50 D), hyperopia (SE ≥ +0.50 D), and
anisometropia (interocular SE difference ≥1.00 D) was 65.26%, 15.09%, and 16.50%, respectively.
Anisometropia severity, based on SE (χ2 = 443.758, p < 0.001), CYL (χ2 = 41.669, p < 0.001), and AL (χ2 = 95.505, p < 0.001), increased with age, with no significant differences between sexes. Interocular SE difference correlated with interocular spherical power (r = 0.806, p < 0.001), CYL (r = 0.21, p < 0.001), and AL (r = 0.365, p < 0.001). Additionally, interocular CYL difference was positively correlated with interocular AL difference (r = 0.16, p < 0.001). Despite the high prevalence of anisometropia, less than 30% of affected children received refractive correction.
CONCLUSIONS: Anisometropia of SE, CYL, and AL increased progressively with age. Despite the elevated prevalence of anisometropia, the utilisation of refractive correction remained strikingly low.