■人是由动态和相互关联的个人和社会生态系统整体塑造的。这种观点已经在双语经验的各个方面进行了讨论,即语言习得和发展。这里,我们将双语系统框架应用于语言态度,可能对社会生态影响特别敏感。
■123名法英双语成年人(M年龄=21.20,SD=3.21)完成了有关人口统计信息及其对语言态度的自我报告问卷。这些双语者的一个子集(n=73)完成了社交网络调查。
■我们使用语言标记的社交网络分析和地理空间人口统计学分析来检查个体特征的作用(即,第一语言),人际语言动态(即,人与人之间的互动),和生态语言动态(即,邻里语言暴露)。
■在个人层面,我们发现双语者的语言背景(即,第一语言)预测对一种语言的团结态度(即,一种语言是否与个人身份和归属相关)。当考虑社会语言层面的影响时,我们发现,双语者的社交网络和邻里水平的语言接触共同预测了他们对语言的团结态度,以及他们对保护少数民族语言的态度。
■虽然大多数研究都是从一维性质来考察语言体验,本研究通过考虑社会生态框架内的多个系统来调查多语言语言态度。
■放在一起,结果表明,几个相互关联的人际和生态系统与语言态度有关,这可能对蒙特利尔等多语种社会规划未来的语言政策产生重要影响。
UNASSIGNED: People are shaped holistically by dynamic and interrelated individual and social-ecological systems. This perspective has been discussed in the context of varied aspects of bilingual experiences, namely language acquisition and development. Here, we applied a Systems Framework of
Bilingualism to language attitudes, which may be especially responsive to social-ecological influences.
UNASSIGNED: One hundred twenty-three French-English bilingual adults (M age = 21.20, SD = 3.21) completed self-report questionnaires on demographic information and their attitudes toward languages. A subset of these bilinguals (n = 73) completed a social network survey.
UNASSIGNED: We used language-tagged social network analysis and geospatial demographic analysis to examine the role of individual characteristics (i.e., first language), interpersonal language dynamics (i.e., person-to-person interactions), and ecological language dynamics (i.e., neighborhood language exposure).
UNASSIGNED: At an individual level, we found that bilinguals\' language background (i.e., first language) predicted attitudes of solidarity toward a language (i.e., whether a language is associated with personal identity and belongingness). When considering sociolinguistic layers of influence, we found that bilinguals\' social network and neighborhood-level language exposure jointly predicted their attitudes of solidarity toward a language, as well as their attitudes toward the protection of minority languages.
UNASSIGNED: While most studies have examined language experience in a unidimensional nature, the present
study investigated multilingual language attitudes by considering multiple systems within a social-ecological framework.
UNASSIGNED: Taken together, the results suggest that several interrelated interpersonal and ecological systems are associated with language attitudes, which could have important implications for planning future language policies in multilingual societies such as Montréal.