目标锌缺乏,体内必需的微量元素,对味道产生不利影响,伤口愈合,和豁免权。本研究旨在通过因子分析的方法确定男女工人的膳食模式,并阐明膳食模式与锌摄入量之间的关系。方法研究对象为北九州地区395名市政雇员(男性193名,女性202名),年龄19-71岁。为了获得膳食摄入量数据,参与者被要求完成生活方式和健康问卷以及简短的自我管理饮食史问卷.每1,000kcal(mg/1,000kcal)评估锌摄入量。使用密度法对能量值进行了调整,并进行多元回归分析。结果为每个参与者确定了三种膳食模式。在男性中,“主菜型和配菜型”的特点是土豆摄入量较高,豆类,蔬菜,海鲜,肉,谷物含量低,“零食类型图案”的特点是糖果和咖啡的摄入量更高,和“地中海饮食模式”的特点是面包摄入量较高,意大利面,水果,鸡蛋,牛奶,并确定了低味增汤和米饭。对女人来说,“素食类型模式”的特点是豆类摄入量较高,蔬菜,蘑菇,和海藻,“主菜型和配菜型”的特点是大米摄入量低,并确定了以酒精饮料摄入量较高为特征的“晚餐饮酒模式”。锌摄入量与男性的“主菜和配菜型模式”和“地中海饮食模式”以及女性的“素食饮食”和“主菜和配菜型模式”呈正相关。此外,在女性中,锌摄入量与“晚餐饮酒模式”呈负相关。结论尽管调整了年龄,BMI,婚姻,职业,吸烟习惯,和锻炼习惯,“主菜和配菜型模式”和“地中海饮食模式”与男性锌摄入量呈正相关,与女性的“素食饮食”和“主菜和配菜型模式”呈正相关。数据表明,人们意识到有利于确保锌摄入的饮食模式。
Objectives Deficiency of zinc, an essential trace element in the body, adversely affects taste, wound healing, and immunity. This study aimed to identify the dietary patterns of male and female workers using factor analysis and clarify the relationship between dietary patterns and zinc intake.Methods The participants were 395 municipal employees (193 men and 202 women) in Northern Kyushu aged 19-71 years. To obtain the dietary intake data, participants were asked to complete a lifestyle and health questionnaire and brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Zn intake was evaluated per 1,000 kcal (mg/1,000 kcal). The values were adjusted for energy using the density method, and multiple regression analysis was performed.Results Three dietary patterns were identified for each participant. Among men, \"main and side dish type pattern\" characterized by higher intakes of potatoes, legumes, vegetables, seafood, meat, and low for cereals, \"snack type pattern\" characterized by higher intakes of sweets and coffee, and \"Mediterranean diet pattern\" characterized by higher intakes of bread, pasta, fruits, eggs, and milk, and low for miso soup and rice were identified. For women, a \"vegetarian diet type pattern\" characterized by higher intakes of beans, vegetables, mushrooms, and seaweed, \"main and side dish type pattern\" characterized by low intake of rice, and \"dinner-time drinking pattern\" characterized by higher intakes of alcoholic beverages were identified. Zinc intake was positively associated with the \"main and side dish type pattern\" and \"Mediterranean diet pattern\" in men and \"vegetarian diet\" and \"main and side dish type pattern\" in women. Additionally, zinc intake was negatively associated with the \"dinner-time drinking pattern\" among women.Conclusion Despite adjusting for age, BMI, marriage, occupation, smoking habits, and exercise habits, the \"main and side dish type pattern\" and \"Mediterranean diet pattern\" were positively correlated with zinc intake in men and the \"vegetarian diet\" and \"main and side dish type pattern\" in women. The data suggest awareness of the dietary patterns that are conducive to ensuring zinc intake.