METHODS: We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for this scoping review, conducting searches on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science to identify studies meeting our inclusion criteria (P, population - adults from the general population with or without COPD diagnosis; C, concept - DP; C, context - any setting). Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, confirmed eligibility through full-text examination, extracted data using Redcap®, and assessed bias risk with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS: We analyzed 24 studies with sample sizes ranging from 121 to 421,426 individuals aged 20 to 75. Eighty-three percent investigated the role of DP in the COPD etiology, while 16.7 % examined health-related COPD outcomes. Food frequency questionnaires predominated (75 %) in exploring 23 distinct DP. Sixty-seven percent employed a priori-defined DP, focusing on the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI), while 33.3 % utilized a posteriori-defined DP, mainly represented by the Prudent and Traditional DP. Sixty percent of the studies reported significant associations between DP and COPD risk/odds. However, studies examining DP and COPD patient outcomes produced varied results.
CONCLUSIONS: Most studies focused on assessing COPD risk using a priori-defined DP, particularly emphasizing the Med Diet and HEI. Overall, the studies found that healthy DPs are associated with reduced risk of COPD and improved outcomes in diagnosed patients.
方法:我们遵循了JoannaBriggsInstitute的研究方法,在PubMed上进行搜索,Scopus,Embase,和WebofScience确定符合我们纳入标准的研究(P,人口-一般人群中有或没有COPD诊断的成年人;C,概念-DP;C,上下文-任何设置)。两名审稿人筛选了标题和摘要,通过全文审查确认资格,使用Redcap®提取的数据,并用纽卡斯尔渥太华量表评估偏倚风险。
结果:我们分析了24项研究,样本量为121至421,426名20至75岁的个体。83%的人调查了DP在COPD病因中的作用,而16.7%的人检查了与健康相关的COPD结局。食物频率问卷在探索23种不同的DP方面占主导地位(75%)。67%的人使用先验定义的DP,专注于地中海饮食(MedDiet)和健康饮食指数(HEI),而33.3%的人使用后验定义的DP,主要以谨慎和传统的DP为代表。60%的研究报告了DP和COPD风险/几率之间的显著关联。然而,检查DP和COPD患者结局的研究产生了不同的结果.
结论:大多数研究集中于使用先验定义的DP评估COPD风险,特别强调Med饮食和HEI。总的来说,研究发现,在确诊患者中,健康的DPs与COPD风险降低和预后改善相关.