子宫内膜异位症是一种影响全球数百万女性的慢性妇科疾病,引起慢性盆腔疼痛,性交困难,痛经,和不孕症,严重影响了他们的生活质量。治疗主要包括激素治疗和手术切除,但高复发率和经济负担是巨大的。面对这些挑战,关于饮食模式在子宫内膜异位症管理中的潜在作用,有必要弥合这一关键差距。这篇综述调查了当前关于膳食模式的科学证据(例如,地中海,素食主义者,抗炎,低发酵低聚糖,二糖,单糖,和多元醇[低FODMAP],和西式饮食)与子宫内膜异位症相关,并提供了一个简洁的,然而彻底,关于这个主题的概述。此外,抗氧化剂,微生物群,人工智能(AI)及其潜在角色也被评估为未来的方向。在MEDLINE中进行了基于电子的搜索,Embase,科克伦图书馆,CINAHL,ClinicalTrials.gov,Scopus,和WebofScience。当前有关该主题的数据表明,基于地中海和抗炎饮食模式的饮食,富含膳食纤维,omega-3脂肪酸,植物性蛋白质,维生素和矿物质,对子宫内膜异位症有积极影响,患者症状有希望的改善。临床前研究和临床试验表明,饮食中的抗氧化剂和肠道菌群调节为子宫内膜异位症的管理提供了潜在的新方法。此外,人工智能可能提供一个有希望的途径来探索饮食成分如何与子宫内膜异位症相互作用。最终,考虑到遗传和生活方式因素,一个健康的,平衡,个性化的饮食方法可以提供关于饮食作为症状改善手段的作用的有价值的见解,促进利用营养来管理子宫内膜异位症。
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder affecting millions of women worldwide, causing chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, and infertility, and severely impacting their quality of life. Treatment primarily involves hormonal therapies and surgical excision, but high recurrence rates and the economic burden are substantial. With these challenges, significant discussion surrounds the potential role of dietary patterns in managing endometriosis, making it necessary to bridge this critical gap. This review investigates the current scientific evidence on the dietary patterns (eg, Mediterranean, vegetarian, anti-inflammatory, low-fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols [low-FODMAP], and Western-style diets) associated with endometriosis and provides a concise, yet thorough, overview on the subject. In addition, antioxidants, microbiota, and artificial intelligence (AI) and their potential roles were also evaluated as future directions. An electronic-based search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, Scopus, and Web of Science. The current data on the topic indicate that a diet based on the Mediterranean and anti-inflammatory diet pattern, rich in dietary fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, plant-based protein, and vitamins and minerals, has a positive influence on endometriosis, yielding a promising improvement in patient symptoms. Preclinical investigations and clinical trials indicate that dietary antioxidants and gut microbiota modulation present potential new approaches in managing endometriosis. Also, AI may offer a promising avenue to explore how dietary components interact with endometriosis. Ultimately, considering genetic and lifestyle factors, a healthy, balanced, personalized approach to diet may offer valuable insights on the role of diet as a means of symptom improvement, facilitating the utilization of nutrition for the management of endometriosis.