Beauvericin(BEA),EnniatinB(ENNB),和曲霉毒素A(OTA)是由真菌物种产生的霉菌毒素。它们对几个器官和系统的主要影响与免疫毒性的慢性暴露有关,雌激素性疾病,和肾衰竭癌症(在动物和人类)。根据国际癌症研究机构(IARC)的规定,OTA属于第1组,它的立法价值有限;BEA和ENNB都没有发生。这项研究的目的是评估BEA的含义,ENNB,和OTA单独和组合在细胞中产生细胞毒性,用于免疫学研究和癌细胞系(人白血病细胞(HL-60),新鲜人外周血单核细胞(PBMC),和人乳腺癌(MDA-MB-231)细胞)。用不同浓度的BEA处理细胞4小时和24小时,ENNB,OTA,分别。使用DAPI(4',6-二氨基-2-苯基吲哚,二盐酸盐)作为活力染料和协同作用的潜在作用,addition,通过Chou和Talalay方法评估拮抗作用。单独的OTA处理对PBMC细胞具有最大的细胞毒性(IC50为0.5μM),而ENNB对HL-60(IC50为0.25μM)和MDA-MB-231(IC50为0.15μM)。二元组合[ENNB+OTA]导致对HL-60和MDA-MB-231细胞产生最大的细胞毒性;而[BEA+OTA]在PBMC细胞中产生最大的细胞毒性。与HL-60和MDA-MB-231细胞相比,三重组合导致对PBMC细胞具有高度细胞毒性。总之,PBMC细胞是所有三种真菌毒素最敏感的细胞,并且在任何组合中OTA的存在具有最大的毒性,引起协同作用,作为最常见的细胞毒性作用。
Beauvericin (BEA), Enniatin B (ENN B), and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are mycotoxins produced by fungi species. Their main effect on several organs and systems is associated with chronic exposure going from immunotoxicity, estrogenic disorders, and renal failure to cancer (in animals and humans). OTA belongs to Group 1 according to the International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) and it has legislated limited values; not happening for BEA nor ENN B. Exposure to mixtures of mycotoxins occurs through food intake in daily consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implication of BEA, ENN B, and OTA individually and combined in producing cytotoxicity in cells for immunological studies and cancer cell lines (human leukemia cells (HL-60), fresh human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells). Cells were treated for 4 h and 24 h at different concentrations of BEA, ENN B, and OTA, respectively. Viability assays were carried out by flow cytometry using DAPI (4\',6-diamindino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride) as a viability dye and the potential effects of synergism, addition, and antagonism were assessed through the Chou and Talalay method. Individual OTA treatment exerted the greatest cytotoxicity for PBMC cells (IC50 0.5 μM) while ENN B for HL-60 (IC50 0.25 μM) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50 0.15 μM). In binary combination [ENN B + OTA] resulted in exerting the greatest cytotoxicity for HL-60 and MDA-MB-231 cells; while [BEA + OTA] in PBMC cells. The triple combination resulted in being highly cytotoxic for PBMC cells compared to HL-60 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In summary, PBMC cells were the most sensible cells for all three mycotoxins and the presence of OTA in any of the combinations had the greatest toxicity causing synergism as the most common cytotoxic effect.