从大型藻类中提取的不同生物活性分子,包括氧化脂素,在不同的应用中表现出有趣的潜力,从医疗保健到生物材料制造和环境修复。到目前为止,没有研究报道含氧脂素的大型藻类提取物对海洋无脊椎动物胚胎发育和神经母细胞瘤癌细胞的影响。这里,从赤霉中提取的含氧化脂素的提取物的效果,形成树冠的棕色藻类,研究了龙舌兰杆菌海胆胚胎的发育和SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞的活力。胚胎和细胞暴露于覆盖整个0-100%剂量反应曲线的浓度,胚胎的剂量范围为0至40μgmL-1,细胞的剂量范围为0至200μgmL-1。这些天然海洋毒素导致正常胚胎发育和神经母细胞瘤细胞活力的剂量依赖性降低。如果与合子和羽绒阶段相比,从胃胚胚胎阶段开始的暴露毒性更高,EC50显著降低了33%和68%,分别。暴露于低剂量的胚胎显示发育普遍延迟,钙化能力下降,而更高的剂量导致胚胎生长100%受阻。SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞暴露于40μgmL-172小时可导致78%的死亡率,虽然对它们的神经元样细胞衍生物没有观察到影响,表明增殖细胞的选择性靶向。在两个模型系统上的Western印迹实验显示了不同分子标记(HSP60,HSP90,LC3,p62,CHOP和裂解的caspase-7)的调节,显示改变的应激反应和增强的自噬和凋亡,通过凋亡细胞核中片段化的DNA增加证实。我们的研究为海洋无脊椎动物在应对环境天然毒素时使用的分子策略提供了新的见解,并建议将E.brachycarpa的提取物作为创新发展的潜在来源,具有杀幼剂和抗肿瘤活性的环保产品。
Different bioactive molecules extracted from macroalgae, including oxylipins, showed interesting potentials in different applications, from healthcare to biomaterial manufacturing and environmental remediation. Thus far, no studies reported the effects of oxylipins-containing macroalgae extracts on embryo development of marine invertebrates and on neuroblastoma cancer cells. Here, the effects of an oxylipins-containing extract from Ericaria brachycarpa, a canopy-forming brown algae, were investigated on the development of Arbacia lixula sea urchin embryos and on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells viability. Embryos and cells were exposed to concentrations covering a full 0-100% dose-response curve, with doses ranging from 0 to 40 μg mL-1 for embryos and from 0 to 200 μg mL-1 for cells. These natural marine toxins caused a dose-dependent decrease of normal embryos development and of neuroblastoma cells viability. Toxicity was higher for exposures starting from the gastrula embryonal stage if compared to the zygote and pluteus stages, with an EC50 significantly lower by 33 and 68%, respectively. Embryos exposed to low doses showed a general delay in development with a decrease in the ability to calcify, while higher doses caused 100% block of embryo growth. Exposure of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to 40 μg mL-1 for 72 h caused 78% mortality, while no effect was observed on their neuronal-like cells derivatives, suggesting a selective targeting of proliferating cells. Western Blot experiments on both model systems displayed the modulation of different molecular markers (HSP60, HSP90, LC3, p62, CHOP and cleaved caspase-7), showing altered stress response and enhanced autophagy and apoptosis, confirmed by increased fragmented DNA in apoptotic nuclei. Our study gives new insights into the molecular strategies that marine invertebrates use when responding to their environmental natural toxins and suggests the E. brachycarpa\'s extract as a potential source for the development of innovative, environmentally friendly products with larvicide and antineoplastic activity.