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Abstract：
The complete mitochondrial genome of the African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus) was sequenced. The molecule was sequenced via next generation sequencing and primer walking. The size of the genome is 17,346 bp in length. Comparison with the mitochondrial DNA of two other penguin genomes that have so far been reported was conducted namely; Little blue penguin (Eudyptula minor) and the Rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome). This analysis made it possible to identify common penguin mitochondrial DNA characteristics. The S. demersus mtDNA genome is very similar, both in composition and length to both the E. chrysocome and E. minor genomes. The gene content of the African penguin mitochondrial genome is typical of vertebrates and all three penguin species have the standard gene order originally identified in the chicken. The control region for S. demersus is located between tRNA-Glu and tRNA-Phe and all three species of penguins contain two sets of similar repeats with varying copy numbers towards the 3\' end of the control region, accounting for the size variance. This is the first report of the complete nucleotide sequence for the mitochondrial genome of the African penguin, S. demersus. These results can be subsequently used to provide information for penguin phylogenetic studies and insights into the evolution of genomes.
摘要：
对非洲企鹅（Spheniscusdemersus）的完整线粒体基因组进行了测序。通过下一代测序和引物步移对分子进行测序。基因组的长度为17,346bp。与迄今为止报道的另外两个企鹅基因组的线粒体DNA进行了比较；小蓝企鹅（Eudyptulaminor）和Rockhopper企鹅（Eudypteschrysocome）。该分析使得鉴定常见的企鹅线粒体DNA特征成为可能。S.demersusmtDNA基因组非常相似，在组成和长度上都对E.chrysocome和E.minor基因组。非洲企鹅线粒体基因组的基因含量是典型的脊椎动物，所有三种企鹅都具有最初在鸡中鉴定的标准基因顺序。Demersus的控制区位于tRNA-Glu和tRNA-Phe之间，所有三种企鹅都包含两组相似的重复序列，在控制区的3'末端具有不同的拷贝数，考虑大小差异。这是非洲企鹅线粒体基因组完整核苷酸序列的首次报道，S、Demersus。这些结果随后可用于为企鹅系统发育研究提供信息，并深入了解基因组的进化。
