伤口感染可能会破坏正常的伤口愈合过程。大量的抗生素经常用于预防病原体感染;然而,这可能导致抗性发展。具有抗微生物性质的生物材料在减少抗生素使用和促进伤口愈合方面具有有希望的应用。丝胶(SS)由于其优异的生物相容性和抗氧化剂,已被越来越多地探索用于皮肤伤口愈合的应用,抗菌,和抗紫外线性能。近年来,具有更广的抗微生物谱的基于SS的复合生物材料已被广泛研究,并证明在促进伤口愈合方面具有良好的功效。这篇综述总结了各种抗菌药物,包括金属纳米颗粒,天然提取物,和抗生素,已掺入SS复合材料中用于伤口愈合并阐明其作用机理。已经揭示了基于SS的生物材料可以通过缓释负载的抗微生物剂实现持续的抗微生物活性。负载抗微生物剂的SS复合材料可以通过抗感染促进伤口愈合,抗炎,止血,血管生成,和胶原蛋白沉积。制造方法,好处,并简要讨论了载药SS材料的局限性。本文旨在加深对SS基抗菌复合材料新进展和方向的理解,并指导未来的生物医学研究。
Wound infections may disrupt the normal wound-healing process. Large amounts of antibiotics are frequently used to prevent pathogenic infections; however, this can lead to resistance development. Biomaterials possessing antimicrobial properties have promising applications for reducing antibiotic usage and promoting wound healing. Silk sericin (SS) has been increasingly explored for skin wound healing applications owing to its excellent biocompatibility and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and ultraviolet-resistant properties. In recent years, SS-based composite biomaterials with a broader antimicrobial spectrum have been extensively investigated and demonstrated favorable efficacy in promoting wound healing. This review summarizes various antimicrobial agents, including metal nanoparticles, natural extracts, and antibiotics, that have been incorporated into SS composites for wound healing and elucidates their mechanisms of action. It has been revealed that SS-based biomaterials can achieve sustained antimicrobial activity by slow-release-loaded antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial-loaded SS composites may promote wound healing through anti-infection, anti-inflammation, hemostasis, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. The manufacturing methods, benefits, and limitations of antimicrobial-loaded SS materials are briefly discussed. This review aims to enhance the understanding of new advances and directions in SS-based antimicrobial composites and guide future biomedical research.