Social Justice

社会正义
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    新的联邦怀孕工人公平法提出了对怀孕工人的重要保护,但是留下了农业工人,在危险的职业环境中任职人数过多。本文重点介绍了工作场所怀孕歧视与健康不平等之间的联系。最后讨论了由移民领导的倡导努力,以消除健康不平等和促进健康正义。
    The new federal Pregnant Workers Fairness Act advances important protections for pregnant workers, but leaves behind agricultural workers, who are overrepresented in hazardous occupational environments. This article highlights the connection between workplace pregnancy discrimination and health inequities. It concludes with a discussion of immigrant-led advocacy efforts to eliminate health inequities and advance health justice.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    近年来,明尼苏达州总检察长办公室和明尼苏达州卫生部已经建立了富有成效的伙伴关系,以加强该州对重叠的卫生公平和社会正义问题的多学科反应。本文介绍了三个领域的共同努力:定罪后司法,药物过量,和人口贩运/剥削。
    In recent years, the Minnesota Attorney General\'s Office and the Minnesota Department of Health have cultivated a productive partnership to strengthen the state\'s multidisciplinary response to overlapping health equity and social justice issues. This article describes shared efforts in three areas: post-conviction justice, drug overdose, and human trafficking/exploitation.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    作者希望邀请综合护理社区与我们一起思考我们如何处理正义和公平问题的进化转变:从多样性,股本,和包含(DEI)框架,以归属感的关系概念为中心,尊严,和正义(BDJ)为一个更公正的世界(戴维斯,2021)。我们渴望反思,question,枢轴的灵感来自生态周期规划模型-我(DeepuGeorge)在文章的第一部分中用来批判性地构建合作家庭医疗保健协会(CFHA)的历史(George,2023a),并在第二部分创造性地预测我们的未来(乔治和哈特里,2024).在这篇文章中,作者希望关注成熟度和创造性破坏的节点,以及刚性陷阱的想法-围绕DEI的想法检查我们的集体能量。随着CFHA成立30周年,我们停下来思考,不仅是迄今为止DEI努力的好处,还有陷阱,为了避免刚性陷阱,这是很可能发生的,当我们拥抱的理念,可能不再服务于我们曾经渴望或未能演变为有利于熟悉的价值观。考虑到对DEI工作在实践和文献中的局限性的批评,作者认为,BDJ方法将更好地为我们的增长提供信息。因此,作者想反思,荣誉,并在DEI的影响和收益的基础上进行调整,以更好地满足所有人的需求,特别是历史上被边缘化和代表性不足的声音。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2024APA,保留所有权利)。
    The authors want to invite the integrated care community to reflect with us on an evolutionary shift in how we approach matters of justice and equity: from a diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) framework to a perspective that centers the relational concepts of belonging, dignity, and justice (BDJ) for a more just world (Davis, 2021). Our desire to reflect, question, and pivot is inspired by the Ecocycle Planning Model-which I (Deepu George) used to critically frame the Collaborative Family Healthcare Association\'s (CFHA) history in Part I of the article (George, 2023a) and creatively anticipate our future in Part II (George & Khatri, 2024). In this article, the authors want to focus on the nodes of maturity and creative destruction, as well as the idea of the rigidity trap-to examine our collective energies around the idea of DEI. With CFHA\'s 30th anniversary upon us, we pause and reflect on not only the benefits of DEI efforts heretofore, but also the pitfalls, to avoid the rigidity trap, which is likely to occur when we embrace tenets of an idea that may no longer serve the values we once aspired to or fail to evolve in favor of the familiar. Considering critiques of the limitations of DEI work in practice and literature, the authors believe a BDJ approach will better inform our growth moving forward. Therefore, the authors want to reflect, honor, and build upon the impact and gains from DEI and adapt them to better serve the needs of all-especially the historically marginalized and underrepresented voices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    治理质量是指公共治理的过程和机构运作的好坏,被广泛认为对人类福祉具有重要影响。我们建立并测试了一个理论模型,该模型通过揭示感知的社会公平和对政府的信任的系列中介效应来阐明中国治理质量与居民主观幸福感之间的关系。使用2021年全国代表性中国社会调查的数据(n=5019),我们进行了结构方程模型来实证检验我们的假设。结果表明,治理质量通过感知社会公平对主观幸福感产生显著的正向完全间接影响,对政府的信任,以及它们的连环调解效果。本研究通过对主观幸福感的决定因素提供有价值的见解,并强调了感知的社会公平和对政府的信任在治理质量与主观幸福感之间的关系中的系列中介作用,从而为文献做出了贡献。这些发现还为政策制定者提供了实用的见解,因为它们表明,促进感知的社会公平和培养对政府的信任对于将治理质量转化为主观幸福感至关重要。
    Governance quality refers to how well the processes and institutions of public governance function and is widely recognized as having an important influence on human well-being. We developed and tested a theoretical model that elucidates the relationship between governance quality and the subjective well-being of residents in China by revealing the serial mediation effects of perceived social fairness and trust in government. Using data from the nationally representative Chinese Social Survey conducted in 2021 (n = 5019), we performed structural equation modeling to empirically examine our hypotheses. The results indicated that governance quality exerted a significant positive fully indirect impact on subjective well-being through perceived social fairness, trust in government, and their serial mediation effects. This study contributes to the literature by providing valuable insights into the determinants of subjective well-being and highlighting the serial mediating roles of perceived social fairness and trust in government in the relationship between governance quality and subjective well-being. The findings also provide practical insights for policymakers, as they indicate that promoting perceived social fairness and fostering trust in government are essential to translate governance quality into subjective well-being.
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  • 文章类型: Editorial
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:许多医疗保健领域受到缺乏可转化为临床实践的研究的影响。利用现实世界数据的研究,例如常规收集的患者数据,可能是有效创建证据以告知实践和服务交付的一种选择。这些研究对于探索服务和成果的公平性也很有价值,并受益于使用代表“现实世界”中服务的种群多样性的非选择样本。本范围审查旨在识别和绘制已发表的利用常规收集的临床医疗保健数据的研究。次要目的是探索这些文献在多大程度上支持在健康中追求社会正义,包括健康不平等和交叉方法。
    方法:本综述利用Arksey和O\'Malley\的方法框架进行范围审查,并借鉴了该框架的建议增强功能,以促进基于团队和混合方法的方法。这包括根据预先指定的纳入和排除标准搜索电子数据库和筛选文件。与研究目标相关的数据将从包含的论文中提取,包括该主题的临床/专业领域,使用的数据源,以及它是否涉及社会正义的要素。所有的筛选和审查将是协作和迭代的,将利用研究团队的优势并应对挑战。定量数据将进行描述性分析,概念内容分析将用于理解定性数据。这些将根据研究目标进行集体综合。
    结论:我们的研究结果将强调进行和发表此类研究的程度,包括差距,并为现实世界数据研究的未来努力提出建议。这次范围审查的结果将与从业人员和研究人员相关,以及卫生服务经理,专员,和研究资助者。
    BACKGROUND: Many areas of healthcare are impacted by a paucity of research that is translatable to clinical practice. Research utilising real-world data, such as routinely collected patient data, may be one option to efficiently create evidence to inform practice and service delivery. Such studies are also valuable for exploring (in)equity of services and outcomes, and benefit from using non-selected samples representing the diversity of the populations served in the \'real world\'. This scoping review aims to identify and map the published research which utilises routinely collected clinical healthcare data. A secondary aim is to explore the extent to which this literature supports the pursuit of social justice in health, including health inequities and intersectional approaches.
    METHODS: This review utilises Arksey and O\'Malley\'s methodological framework for scoping reviews and draws on the recommended enhancements of this framework to promote a team-based and mixed methods approach. This includes searching electronic databases and screening papers based on a pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data relevant to the research aims will be extracted from included papers, including the clinical/professional area of the topic, the source of data that was used, and whether it addresses elements of social justice. All screening and reviewing will be collaborative and iterative, drawing on strengths of the research team and responsive changes to challenges will be made. Quantitative data will be analysed descriptively, and conceptual content analysis will be utilised to understand qualitative data. These will be collectively synthesised in alignment to the research aims.
    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings will highlight the extent to which such research is being conducted and published, including gaps and make recommendations for future endeavours for real-world data studies. The findings from this scoping review will be relevant for practitioners and researchers, as well as health service managers, commissioners, and research funders.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    MOCAO的集体行动,EscuadrónMóvilAn-tirusbios(EscuadrónMóvilAn-tisrusbios)是一种社会策略,旨在要求在哥伦比亚诉诸司法并实现赔偿和不重复的保证。简要介绍了我们作为社会运动轨迹中的重大事件,以及我们作为警察暴力框架内眼部侵犯的受害者和幸存者向国家政府提交的请愿书。尽管今天的ESMAD已经以对话和维持秩序股(UNDMO)的名义进行了改革,我们认为,尚未进行结构性改革,以确保其功能与保护宪法-社会抗议权有关。
    The collective action of MOCAO, Movimiento en resistencia contra las agresiones oculares del ESMAD (Escuadrón Móvil An-tidisturbios) is a social strateg y to demand access to justice and the fulfilment of guarantees of reparation and non-repetition in Colombia. A brief account of significant events in our trajecto-ry as a social movement is presented, together with our letter of petitions to the national government as victims and survivors of ocular aggressions in the framework of police violence. Al-though ESMAD today has been reformed under the name of the Unit for Dialogue and Maintenance of Order (UNDMO), we consider that there have not yet been structural changes to ensure that its function is related to protecting the constitution-al right to social protest.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    基于生态系统的干预措施的潜力,也称为基于自然的解决方案(NBS),减少灾害风险(DRR)和适应气候变化(CCA)现已得到主要国家政策和国际框架协议的认可。然而,关于它们的经济可行性和公平影响的科学证据有限。我们检查了英语同行评审的研究,发表于2000年至2021年,对DRR和CCA的NBS进行了经济评估。根据我们的结果,71%的研究表明,NbS一直被证明是一种具有成本效益的减轻危害的方法,24%的研究发现NbS在某些条件下具有成本效益。最常见的基于生态系统的干预措施对减轻危害有效,与红树林有关(80%),森林(77%),和沿海生态系统(73%)。比较NbS和基于工程的解决方案在减轻某些危害方面的成本效益的研究表明,NbS的效率不亚于基于工程的解决方案。在这些研究中,65%的人发现,与基于工程的解决方案相比,NbS在减轻危害方面总是更有效,26%的人发现NbS部分更有效。我们的发现说明了一系列因素,包括分析的NBS的地理位置,它们对恢复和增加生物多样性的贡献,他们的产权结构,他们的资金来源,以及用于评估成本效益和分配效应的经济方法。考虑到全球预计的温度和降水变化,检查了本分析中包含的NbS观测值的地理位置。
    The potential of ecosystem-based interventions, also known as Nature-based Solutions (NbS), for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) is now recognized by major national policies and international framework agreements. However, there is limited scientific evidence about their economic viability and equity impacts. We examined English-language peer-reviewed studies, published between 2000 and 2021, which undertook economic evaluations of NbS for DRR and CCA. Based on our results, 71 % of studies indicated that NbS have consistently proven to be a cost-effective approach to mitigating hazards and 24 % of studies found NbS cost-effective under certain conditions. The ecosystem-based interventions most frequently found effective in mitigating hazards are associated with mangroves (80 %), forests (77 %), and coastal ecosystems (73 %). Studies comparing the cost-effectiveness of NbS and engineering-based solutions for mitigating certain hazards showed that NbS are no less effective than engineering-based solutions. Among these studies, 65 % found that NbS are always more effective in attenuating hazards compared to engineering-based solutions and 26 % found that NbS are partially more effective. Our findings illustrate a range of factors, including the geographic locations of the NbS analyzed, their contribution to the restoration and increase of biodiversity, their property rights structure, their source of financing, and the economic methodologies employed to assess cost-effectiveness and distributional effects. The geographic location of the NbS observations included in this analysis was examined considering global projected temperature and precipitation changes.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    鉴于行为研究在文化和社会行为方面的进步,对于行为分析人士来说,朝着增加政治参与和致力于社会正义的方向发展似乎很自然。为了达到这个目标,有必要在自己的社区和组织内行动。本文的目的是报告巴西行为心理学与医学协会(ABPMC)在2017-2018年期间为增加公平和社会正义所做的努力。首先,我们对ABPMC进行了概述。接下来,我们描述了识别的过程,规划,并在协会中实施公平和社会正义行动。目标问题是从一个任期到另一个任期的政策中断,精英主义和中央集权,在年度会议的科学计划中缺乏与社会和政治相关的主题,以及缺乏对妇女(尤其是母亲)参与临床和学术实践的支持。
    在线版本包含补充材料,可在10.1007/s40617-020-00510-2获得。
    Given the advancement of behavioral research in culture and social behavior, it seems natural for the community of behavior analysts to progress towards increased political engagement and a dedication to social justice. To reach this goal, it is necessary to act inside one\'s own communities and organizations. The purpose of this article is to report on the efforts of the Brazilian Association for Behavioral Psychology and Medicine (ABPMC) to increase equity and social justice during the 2017-2018 term. First, we present an overview of the ABPMC. Next, we describe the process of identifying, planning, and implementing equity and social justice actions in the association. The problems targeted were the discontinuation of policies from one term to another, elitism and centralization, the lack of topics with social and political relevance in the annual conference\'s scientific program, and the lack of support for the participation of women (especially mothers) in clinical and academic practice.
    UNASSIGNED: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40617-020-00510-2.
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