■表观遗传年龄加速与暴露于社会和经济逆境有关,并可能增加过早发病和死亡的风险。然而,没有研究包括结构性种族主义的措施,很少有人比较第一代和第二代表观遗传时钟内部或之间的估计值。
■为了确定表观遗传年龄加速是否与不同种族测量值的暴露呈正相关,经济,以及在不同级别和时间段衡量的环境不公正。
这项横断面研究使用了2008年8月8日至2010年12月31日之间的MyBodyMyStory(MBMS)研究的数据,以及2010年4月1日至2012年2月29日的多种族动脉粥样硬化研究(MESA)的检查5。在MBMS中,2021年进行了DNA提取;将结构措施与MBMS和MESA联系起来,2022年。美国出生的人从波士顿的4个社区卫生中心随机选择,马萨诸塞州(MBMS),和巴尔的摩的4个现场,马里兰州;福赛斯县,北卡罗来纳州;纽约市,纽约;圣保罗,明尼苏达州(MESA)。数据从2021年11月13日至2023年8月31日进行了分析。
■十个表观遗传时钟(6个第一代和4个第二代),使用来自血斑(MBMS)和纯化单核细胞(MESA)的DNA甲基化数据(DNAm)计算。
■美国出生的研究人群包括293名MBMS参与者(109名男性[37.2%],184名女性[62.8%];平均[SD]年龄,49.0[8.0]年),224名黑人非西班牙裔和69名白人非西班牙裔参与者和975名MESA参与者(492名男性[50.5%],483名女性[49.5%];平均[SD]年龄,70.0[9.3]年),有229名黑人非西班牙裔,191西班牙裔,和555名白人非西班牙裔参与者。其中,140(11.0%)显示出所有5个时钟的加速老化,其估计值可在年龄(年)量表上解释。在黑人非西班牙裔MBMS参与者中,表观遗传年龄加速与出生在JimCrow状态的SDs为0.14(95%CI,0.003-0.27),与出生状态保守性的SDs为0.06(95%CI,0.01-0.12),汇集所有时钟。父母教育水平低与表观遗传年龄加速有关,汇集所有时钟,对于黑人非西班牙裔(0.24[95%CI,0.08-0.39]SDs)和白人非西班牙裔(0.27[95%CI,0.03-0.51]SDs)MBMS参与者。在MESA参与者中,成人贫困与合并的第二代时钟呈正相关(黑人非西班牙裔,0.06[95%CI,0.01-0.12]SDs;西班牙裔,0.07[95%CI,0.01-0.14]SDs;白人非西班牙裔,0.05[95%CI,0.01-0.08]SDs)。
■这项对MBMS和MESA参与者的横断面研究的结果表明,表观遗传年龄加速与种族化和经济不公正有关,可能导致有据可查的过早死亡率不平等。未来的研究应检验以下假设:表观遗传加速衰老可能是有据可查的在种族化和经济不公正的社会群体中过早发病和死亡风险升高的生物学机制之一。
UNASSIGNED: Epigenetic age acceleration is associated with exposure to social and economic adversity and may increase the risk of premature morbidity and mortality. However, no studies have included measures of structural racism, and few have compared estimates within or across the first and second generation of epigenetic clocks.
UNASSIGNED: To determine whether epigenetic age acceleration is positively associated with exposures to diverse measures of racialized, economic, and environmental injustice measured at different levels and time periods.
UNASSIGNED: This cross-sectional study used data from the My Body My Story (MBMS) study between August 8, 2008, and December 31, 2010, and examination 5 of the Multi-Ethnic Atherosclerosis Study (MESA) from April 1, 2010, to February 29, 2012. In the MBMS, DNA extraction was performed in 2021; linkage of structural measures to the MBMS and MESA, in 2022. US-born individuals were randomly selected from 4 community health centers in Boston, Massachusetts (MBMS), and 4 field sites in Baltimore, Maryland; Forsyth County, North Carolina; New York City, New York; and St Paul, Minnesota (MESA). Data were analyzed from November 13, 2021, to August 31, 2023.
UNASSIGNED: Ten epigenetic clocks (6 first-generation and 4 second-generation), computed using DNA methylation data (DNAm) from blood spots (MBMS) and purified monocytes (MESA).
UNASSIGNED: The US-born study population included 293 MBMS participants (109 men [37.2%], 184 women [62.8%]; mean [SD] age, 49.0 [8.0] years) with 224 Black non-Hispanic and 69 White non-Hispanic participants and 975 MESA participants (492 men [50.5%], 483 women [49.5%]; mean [SD] age, 70.0 [9.3] years) with 229 Black non-Hispanic, 191 Hispanic, and 555 White non-Hispanic participants. Of these, 140 (11.0%) exhibited accelerated aging for all 5 clocks whose estimates are interpretable on the age (years) scale. Among Black non-Hispanic MBMS participants, epigenetic age acceleration was associated with being born in a Jim Crow state by 0.14 (95% CI, 0.003-0.27) SDs and with birth state conservatism by 0.06 (95% CI, 0.01-0.12) SDs, pooling across all clocks. Low parental educational level was associated with epigenetic age acceleration, pooling across all clocks, for both Black non-Hispanic (0.24 [95% CI, 0.08-0.39] SDs) and White non-Hispanic (0.27 [95% CI, 0.03-0.51] SDs) MBMS participants. Adult impoverishment was positively associated with the pooled second-generation clocks among the MESA participants (Black non-Hispanic, 0.06 [95% CI, 0.01-0.12] SDs; Hispanic, 0.07 [95% CI, 0.01-0.14] SDs; White non-Hispanic, 0.05 [95% CI, 0.01-0.08] SDs).
UNASSIGNED: The findings of this cross-sectional study of MBMS and MESA participants suggest that epigenetic age acceleration was associated with racialized and economic injustice, potentially contributing to well-documented inequities in premature mortality. Future research should test the hypothesis that epigenetic accelerated aging may be one of the biological mechanisms underlying the well-documented elevated risk of premature morbidity and mortality among social groups subjected to racialized and economic injustice.