痘病毒靶向先天免疫介质,如肿瘤坏死因子,白细胞介素,干扰素,补语,和趋化因子.它还靶向适应性免疫,如CD4+T细胞,CD4+T细胞,B细胞。最近出现的猴痘病毒(MPXV)流行,一种原产于中非和西非的人畜共患疾病,除了缺乏痘病毒感染的允许治疗外,鼓励研究人员确定有效的抑制剂,以帮助预防和治疗痘病毒感染。天然生物活性成分,特别是多酚,有希望创造强大的抗氧化剂,抗炎,免疫刺激,和抗病毒剂。因此,它们是预防和治疗病毒性疾病的潜在有效疗法,例如由痘病毒引起的感染,包括最近的大流行MPXV。多酚:迷迭香酸,咖啡酸,白藜芦醇,槲皮苷,Myricitrin,姜辣素,胆单宁,蜂胶-苯并呋喃A,以及异喹啉生物碱:加兰他敏和噻莫宁代表抗MPXV的前瞻性抗病毒药物,它们可以通过靶向不同的病毒元件来抑制MPXV和其他痘病毒,包括DNA拓扑异构酶I(TOP1),胸苷激酶(TK),丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Ser/Thr激酶),和蛋白质A48R.不同传统植物的生物活性提取物,包括Guierasenegalensis,LarreaTridentata,PurpureaSarracenia,Kalanchoepinnata(林。)Pers。,ZingiberofficinaleRoscoe,感染槲树,RHusChinensis,夏枯草,丹参迷迭香,和牛至也可以抑制包括MPXV在内的不同痘病毒的生长,痘苗病毒(VACV),天花病毒,水痘病毒,禽痘病毒,还有牛痘病毒.迫切需要进一步的分子研究来鉴定和确认各种天然生物活性成分的抗痘病毒特性,尤其是那些对其他病毒表现出强大的抗病毒活性。
Poxviruses target innate immunity mediators such as tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, interferons, complement, and chemokines. It also targets adaptive immunity such as CD4+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and B cells. Emerging of the recent epidemic of monkeypox virus (MPXV), a zoonotic disease native to Central and Western Africa, besides the lack of permitted treatments for poxviruses infections, encouraged researchers to identify effective inhibitors to help in preventing and treating poxviruses infections. Natural bioactive components, particularly polyphenolics, are promising for creating powerful antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, and antiviral agents. As a result, they are potentially effective therapies for preventing and treating viral diseases, such as infections caused by poxviruses including the recent pandemic MPXV. Polyphenolics: rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, resveratrol, quercitrin, myricitrin, gingerol, gallotannin, and propolis-benzofuran A, as well as isoquinoline alkaloids: galanthamine and thalimonine represent prospective antiviral agents against MPXV, they can inhibit MPXV and other poxviruses via targeting different viral elements including DNA Topoisomerase I (TOP1), Thymidine Kinase (TK), serine/threonine protein kinase (Ser/Thr kinase), and protein A48R. The bioactive extracts of different traditional plants including Guiera senegalensis, Larrea tridentata, Sarracenia purpurea, Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Quercus infectoria, Rhus chinensis, Prunella vulgaris L., Salvia rosmarinus, and Origanum vulgare also can inhibit the growth of different poxviruses including MPXV, vaccinia virus (VACV), variola virus, buffalopox virus, fowlpox virus, and cowpox virus. There is an urgent need for additional molecular studies to identify and confirm the anti-poxviruses properties of various natural bioactive components, especially those that showed potent antiviral activity against other viruses.