Laser hair removal (LHR) has been established as a safe and efficient method for eliminating unwanted hair. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of LHR complications and assess the contributing factors. During one year, 16,900 patients undergoing LHR therapy were evaluated for complications. For each case, two external controls were selected (matched based on age, sex, Fitzpatrick skin type (FST) III-IV, and the treated anatomical region). To assess the impact of anatomical region on complication occurrence, each patient was used as their internal control if another area was treated during the same session. GEE analysis was used for statistical analysis.The incidence of LHR complications was calculated to be 0.69%. The most common complications were petechia, purpura, and ecchymosis (31.66%) followed by pigmentation changes (20.0%). LHR complications were most commonly observed in the lower limbs (32.0%), face and neck (23.3%), and genitalia and thighs (22.3%), respectively. Possible risk factors were younger age (OR = 0.74, P-value ≤ 0.001), operating LHR in the head and neck (OR = 5.8, P-value = 0.022), utilization of the alexandrite laser (OR = 2.32, P-value = 0.011), and fluence in the Alexandrite laser (OR = 3.47, P-value = 0.003).Overall, the results of this study indicate that LHR is generally a safe method for removing unwanted hair. However, factors such as younger age, treatment of the facial area, and use of the alexandrite laser especially with higher fluence levels in patients with FST III-IV were identified as potential risk factors.

We conducted a multicentre test-negative case-control study covering the period from October 2023 to January 2024 among adult patients aged ≥ 18 years hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection in Europe. We provide early estimates of the effectiveness of the newly adapted XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalisation. Vaccine effectiveness was 49% overall, ranging between 69% at 14-29 days and 40% at 60-105 days post vaccination. The adapted XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines conferred protection against COVID-19 hospitalisation in the first 3.5 months post vaccination, with VE > 70% in older adults (≥ 65 years) up to 1 month post vaccination.

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a severe public health problem. Impacts of childhood traumas, unsecure adult attachment styles and personality traits have been suggested as possible risk factors for suicide attempts. The aim of this cross-sectional, case-controlled study is to investigate the impact of childhood traumas, adult attachment styles and personality traits on suicide attempt.
METHODS: The sample consisted of psychiatric patients who attempted suicide (n=101) on the one hand and those who did not attempt suicide (n=114) on the other. The questionnaires used were the Hungarian validated versions of Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and a demographic questionnaire.
RESULTS: Results indicated that Novelty Seeking (NS) temperament trait [EH=1.043; 95% C.I.=(0.950-1.145)] p=0.376; emotional abuse [EH=1.034; 95% C.I.=(0.966-1.107)] p=0.336; emotional neglect [EH=1.022; 95% C.I.=(0.936-1.116)] p=0.626; and sexual abuse [EH=1.047; 95% C.I.=(0.959-1.142)] p=0.305 were associated with nonsignificant increases in the odds of suicide attempts. Whereas secure attachment style [EH=0.908; 95% C.I.=(0.842-0.980)] p=0.013 appeared to be a significantly protective factor (c2(1)=6.515 p=0.011). Furthermore, when examining the connection between childhood traumas and adult attachment styles it was found that the anxious attachment style had a positive significant correlation with emotional abuse (rs(197)=0.293) p<0.001, avoidant attachment style with emotional neglect (rs(197)= 0.273) p<0.001.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that individuals with avoidant attachment style and childhood traumas are likely to present a higher suicide risk. However secure attachment style likely to present a lower risk for suicide.

UNASSIGNED: High serum levels of B-cell activation factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) have been observed in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN); however, their relationships with disease severity and progression remain unclear.
UNASSIGNED: Patients with iMN diagnosed via renal biopsy were enrolled in this study. The concentrations of BAFF and APRIL were determined using ELISA kits. Proteinuria remission, including complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR), and renal function deterioration were defined as clinical events. The Cox proportional hazards method was used to analyze the relationship between cytokine levels and disease progression.
UNASSIGNED: Seventy iMN patients were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up time of 24 months (range 6-72 months). The serum levels of BAFF and APRIL were higher in iMN patients than in healthy controls but lower than those in minimal change disease (MCD) patients. The serum BAFF level was positively correlated with the serum APRIL level, serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R) antibody level, and 24-h proteinuria and negatively correlated with the serum albumin (ALB) level. However, no significant correlation was observed between the serum APRIL level and clinical parameters. According to the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for sex, age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), immunosuppressive agent use, 24-h proteinuria, APRIL level, and anti-PLA2R antibody, only the serum BAFF level was identified as an independent predictor of PR (HR, 0.613; 95% CI, 0.405-0.927; p = 0.021) and CR of proteinuria (HR, 0.362; 95% CI, 0.202-0.648; p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: A high serum BAFF level is associated with severe clinical manifestations and poor disease progression in patients with iMN.

BACKGROUND: Recently, a history of endometriosis has been reported to be associated with several perinatal complications. However, it is unknown whether pre-pregnancy treatment for endometriosis reduces perinatal complications. In this study, we aimed to clarify the association between endometriosis and perinatal complications and investigate whether there is a significant difference in the incidence of placenta previa depending on the degree of surgical completion of endometriosis before pregnancy.
METHODS: This case-control study included 2781 deliveries at the Hirosaki University Hospital between January 2008 and December 2019. The deliveries were divided into a case group with a history of endometriosis (n = 133) and a control group without endometriosis (n = 2648). Perinatal outcomes and complications were compared between the case and control groups using a t-test and Fisher\'s exact test. Multiple logistic regression models were used to identify the risk factors for placenta previa. Additionally, we examined whether the degree of surgical completion of endometriosis before pregnancy was associated with the risk of placenta previa.
RESULTS: Patients with a history of endometriosis had a significantly higher risk of placenta previa (crude odds ratio, 2.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.37‒4.83). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a history of endometriosis was a significant risk factor for placenta previa (adjusted odds ratio, 2.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.22‒4.32). In addition, among patients with revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine stage III-IV endometriosis, the incidence of placenta previa was significantly lower in patients who underwent complete surgery (3/51 patients, 5.9%) than in those who did not (3/9 patients, 33.3%) (p = 0.038).
CONCLUSIONS: A history of endometriosis is an independent risk factor for placenta previa. Given the limitations of this study, further research is needed to determine the impact of endometriosis surgery on perinatal complications.

BACKGROUND: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is associated with abnormal dynamic functional connectivity patterns, but the dynamic changes in brain activity at each time point remain unclear, as does the potential molecular mechanisms associated with the dynamic temporal characteristics of TLE.
METHODS: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was acquired for 84 TLE patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs). The data was then used to conduct HMM analysis on rs-fMRI data from TLE patients and an HC group in order to explore the intricate temporal dynamics of brain activity in TLE patients with cognitive impairment (TLE-CI). Additionally, we aim to examine the gene expression profiles associated with the dynamic modular characteristics in TLE patients using the Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA) database.
RESULTS: Five HMM states were identified in this study. Compared with HCs, TLE and TLE-CI patients exhibited distinct changes in dynamics, including fractional occupancy, lifetimes, mean dwell time and switch rate. Furthermore, transition probability across HMM states were significantly different between TLE and TLE-CI patients (p < 0.05). The temporal reconfiguration of states in TLE and TLE-CI patients was associated with several brain networks (including the high-order default mode network (DMN), subcortical network (SCN), and cerebellum network (CN). Furthermore, a total of 1580 genes were revealed to be significantly associated with dynamic brain states of TLE, mainly enriched in neuronal signaling and synaptic function.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new insights into characterizing dynamic neural activity in TLE. The brain network dynamics defined by HMM analysis may deepen our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of TLE and TLE-CI, indicating a linkage between neural configuration and gene expression in TLE.

BACKGROUND: Modular acetabular components for total hip arthroplasty (THA) provide intraoperative flexibility; however, polyethylene liner dissociation may occur. This study aimed to examine the incidence and causes of liner dissociation associated with a specific acetabular component design at a single centre.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 7027 patients who underwent primary THA was performed to identify isolated liner dislocations. Patient demographics, clinical presentations, surgical and implant details, and both radiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings were analysed. Patients with liner dislocation were matched to a control group via 2:1 propensity score matching, and a logistic regression analysis was employed to identify associated risk factors.
RESULTS: A total of 32 patients (0.45%) experienced liner dislocation at a mean 71.47 ± 60.10 months post surgery. Significant factors contributing to dislocations included the use of a conventional compared with a highly crosslinked polyethylene component (p = 0.049) and screw fixation (p = 0.028). Radiographic and CT analysis highlighted the importance of proper component orientation, revealing that patients experiencing dislocations demonstrated significantly lower acetabular cup anteversion angles (p = 0.001) compared with the control group. Impingement and malposition, identified in 41% and 47% of the cases, respectively, further underscored the multifactorial nature of dislocation risks.
CONCLUSIONS: While the overall rate of polyethylene liner dislocation was low, the findings of this study highlight the importance of appropriate cup placement to decrease the risk of dissociation. It further substantiates the influence of impingement and malposition in liner displacement, with increased mechanical stress exerted on the locking mechanism under adverse conditions and the potential risk increase due to screw placement.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of gallstones is high in Qinghai Province. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of gallstones remain unclear.
METHODS: In this study, we collected urine samples from 30 patients with gallstones and 30 healthy controls. The urine samples were analysed using multi-omics platforms. Proteomics analysis was conducted using data-independent acquisition, whereas metabolomics analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
RESULTS: Among the patients with gallstones, we identified 49 down-regulated and 185 up-regulated differentially expressed proteins as well as 195 up-regulated and 189 down-regulated differentially expressed metabolites. Six pathways were significantly enriched: glycosaminoglycan degradation, arginine and proline metabolism, histidine metabolism, pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis, drug metabolism-other enzymes, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Notably, 10 differentially expressed proteins and metabolites showed excellent predictive performance and were selected as potential biomarkers.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of our metabolomics and proteomics analyses provide new insights into novel biomarkers for patients with cholelithiasis in high-altitude areas.

To analyze the infection of chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhea (NG) in female infertility and male infertility population, and to explore the correlation between CT and NG infection and infertility. A case-control study was conducted to retrospectively analyze the specimens submitted by patients from the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2021 to December 2022. The results showed that a total of 32 184 specimens were collected, and the positive rates of CT were 4.41% (1 419/32 184), and positive rats of NG were 1.42% (457/32 184). In the infertility group (n=3 366), 2 987 were females and 379 were males. In the control group (n=3 366), 2 509 were females and 857 were males. The CT positive rate of the infertility group was 13.61% (458/3 366), which was significantly higher than that of the control group 3.30% (111/3 366), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.245, P<0.05), and the NG positive rate of the infertility group was 6.36% (214/3 366), which was significantly higher than that of the control group 0.89% (30/3 366), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.011, P<0.05). A total of 23 992 female genital tract swab specimens were collected, including 2 987 in the infertility group and 2 509 in the control group, and the positive rate of CT in the female infertility subgroup was 10.41% (311/2 987), which was significantly higher than that in the control group 3.75% (94/2 509), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.132, P<0.05), and the NG positive rate of 8.73% (261/2 987) in the female infertility subgroup was significantly higher than that in the control group 0.40% (10/2 509), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.242, P<0.05). A total of 8 192 male urine samples were collected, including 379 in the infertility group and 857 in the control group, and the CT positive rate of the male infertility subgroup was 13.72% (52/379), which was significantly higher than that of the control group 3.38% (29/857), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.267, P<0.05), and the positive rate of NG in the male infertility subgroup was 12.66% (48/379), which was significantly higher than that of the control group 0.93% (8/857), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.166, P<0.05). Among the 2 987 female specimens in the infertility group, 1 034 were in the primary infertility subgroup and 1 953 were in the secondary infertility subgroup, and the positive rates of CT were 7.93% (82/1 034) and 15.72% (307/1 953), respectively, and the positive rates of NG were 3.87% (40/1 034) and 8.65% (169/1 953) respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.185, P>0.05) and (χ2=0.002, P>0.05). In conclusion, the infection rate of genital tract CT and NG is high in the infertility population, CT and NG are recommended as routine examination indicators for eugenics and infertility screening.
本研究分析衣原体（CT）和淋球菌（NG）在女性不孕和男性不育人群中的感染情况，探讨CT和NG感染与不孕不育的相关性。采取病例对照研究回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年12月中南大学湘雅三医院患者送检标本的CT和NG结果，初诊为不孕或不育的划分为不孕不育组，同期就诊的近3年内有孕育史的患者系统随机抽样设为对照组，对不同亚组内的CT和NG感染率进行χ2分析。结果显示，总共采集标本32 184份，CT感染率为4.41%（1 419/32 184），NG感染率为1.42%（457/32 184）。在全部标本中，选择将女性首次临床诊断为不孕、男性首次诊断为不育者，划分为不孕不育组（n=3 366），其中女性标本为2 987例，男性标本为379例；在全部标本中，选择同期接受门诊检查的近3年内有孕育史人群系统随机抽样纳入对照组（n=3 366），其中女性标本为2 509例，男性标本为857例。其中不孕不育组的CT感染率13.63%（458/3 366）明显高于对照组3.30%（111/3 366），差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.245，P<0.05），NG感染率6.38%（214/3 366）明显高于对照组0.89%（30/3 366），差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.011，P<0.05）。女性生殖道拭子标本共23 992份，其中不孕组有2 987份，对照组有 2 509份，不孕组的CT感染率10.41%（311/2 987）明显高于对照组3.75%（94/2 509），差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.132，P<0.05），NG感染率8.73%（261/2 987）明显高于对照组0.40%（10/2 509），差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.242，P<0.05）。男性尿液标本共8 192份，其中不育组有379份，对照组有857份，不育组的CT感染率13.72%（52/379）明显高于对照组3.38%（29/857），差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.267，P<0.05），NG感染率12.60%（48/379）明显高于对照组0.93%（8/857），差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.166，P<0.05）。不孕不育组的女性标本2 987例中，原发不孕亚组有1 034例，继发不孕亚组有1 953例，两个亚组中CT感染率分别为7.93%（82/1 034）和15.72%（307/1 953），NG感染率分别为3.87%（40/1 034）和8.65%（169/1 953），比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.185，P>0.05）和（χ2=0.002，P>0.05）。综上，生殖道CT和NG在不孕不育人群中感染率较高，建议CT和NG作为优生优育和不孕不育筛查的常规检查指标。.

To analyze the changes in lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, high-sensitivity troponin T, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor, homocysteine, and novel inflammatory indices (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index) before and after competitions in amateur marathon runners, and to assess the effects of myocardial injury due to acute exercise and the value of novel inflammatory indices in marathon exercise monitoring. This paper is an analytical study. Amateur athletes recruited by Beijing Hospital to participate in the 2022 Beijing Marathon and the 2023 Tianjin Marathon, and those who underwent health checkups at the Beijing Hospital Medical Checkup Center from January to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects, and 65 amateur marathon runners (41 males and 24 females) and 130 healthy controls (82 males and 48 females) were enrolled in the study according to the inclusion criteria. Peripheral blood was collected one week before, immediately after, and one week after running, and routine blood tests, cardiac enzymes, infarction markers, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor, and homocysteine were performed to calculate the values of novel inflammatory indexes. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman\'s rank correlation analysis were used to compare the differences in the levels of each index between the amateur marathon population and the health checkup population, and to compare the changes and correlations of each index at the three time points in the amateur marathoners.The results showed that the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios of the healthy physical examination population and 65 amateur marathoners 1 week before running were 1.73 (1.33, 2.16) and 1.67 (1.21, 2.16), the platelet-lymphocyte ratios were 122.75 (96.69, 155.89) and 120.86 (100.74, 154.63), and the systemic immune inflammation index was 398.62 (274.50, 538.69) and 338.41 (258.62, 485.38), etc.; on 1 week before running, immediately after running and 1 week after running, lactate dehydrogenase of 65 amateur marathon runners was 173.00(159.00, 196.50)U/L,284.00(237.50, 310.50)U/L, 183.00(165.50, 206.50)U/L, creatine kinase was 131.00(94.30, 188.20)U/L,318.00(212.00, 573.15)U/L,139.00(90.55, 202.40)U/L, creatine kinase isoenzyme was 2.50(1.76, 3.43)μg/L,6.24(4.87, 10.30)μg/L,2.73(1.57, 4.40)μg/L.In 65 amateur marathon runners, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, high sensitivity troponin T, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor, homocysteine, and novel inflammation markers were significantly elevated in the immediate post-run period compared with 1 week before the run, and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-7.009, Z=-6.813, Z=-6.885, Z=-7.009, Z=-7.009, Z=-6.656; P<0.05 for the above indicators).Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammatory index all showed significant positive correlation with the pre-and post-run rates of change of high-sensitivity troponin T (ρ=0.28, P=0.03;ρ=0.31, P=0.01;ρ=0.27, P=0.03); these 3 markers were also significantly and positively correlated with the pre-and post-run rates of change in a collection of myocardial-related markers such as lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isozymes, high-sensitivity troponin T, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor, and homocysteine, respectively(r=0.446, P=0.039; r=0.452, P=0.033; r=0.449, P=0.036).In addition, the platelet-lymphocyte ratio was positively correlated with the pre-and post-run rates of change in creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzymes(ρ=0.27, P=0.03;ρ=0.28, P=0.02).In conclusion, acute myocardial injury may be triggered during marathon exercise. Changes in novel inflammatory markers were significantly associated with changes in myocardial enzymes, infarction markers, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursors, and homocysteine, which may be of value for the prediction of myocardial injury during exercise.
分析业余马拉松运动员竞赛前后乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、高敏肌钙蛋白T、N末端B型钠尿肽前体、同型半胱氨酸及新型炎症指标（中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值、血小板-淋巴细胞比值、全身免疫炎症指数）的变化，评估急性运动导致的心肌损伤及新型炎症指标在马拉松运动监测中的应用价值。本文为分析性研究。选择北京医院招募的分别参加2022年北京马拉松和2023年天津马拉松的业余运动员和2023年1—6月于北京医院体检中心健康体检人群作为研究对象，依照纳入标准入选业余马拉松运动员65名（男性41名，女性24名），健康对照人群130名（男性82名，女性48名）。业余马拉松运动员分别在跑前1周、跑后即刻及跑后1周采集外周血，检测或计算上述指标。采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验及Spearman等级相关分析，比较业余马拉松人群与健康体检人群之间各指标水平的差异，同时比较业余马拉松运动员3个时间点各指标的变化及相关关系。结果显示健康体检人群和业余马拉松运动员跑前1周的中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值为1.73（1.33，2.16）、1.67（1.21，2.16），血小板-淋巴细胞比值为122.75（96.69，155.89）、120.86（100.74，154.63），全身免疫炎症指数为398.62（274.50，538.69）、338.41（258.62，485.38）等；业余马拉松运动员在跑前1周、跑后即刻及跑后1周的乳酸脱氢酶为173.00（159.00，196.50）U/L、284.00（237.50，310.50）U/L、183.00（165.50，206.50）U/L，肌酸激酶为131.00（94.30，188.20）U/L、318.00（212.00，573.15）U/L、139.00（90.55，202.40）U/L，肌酸激酶同工酶为2.50（1.76，3.43）μg/L、6.24（4.87，10.30）μg/L、2.73（1.57，4.40）μg/L等。65名业余马拉松运动员中，跑后即刻与跑前1周相比，乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、高敏肌钙蛋白T、N末端B型钠尿肽前体、同型半胱氨酸及新型炎症指标均显著升高，差异有统计学意义（Z=-7.009，Z=-6.813，Z=-6.885，Z=-7.009，Z=-7.009，Z=-6.656；以上指标P<0.05）。中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值、血小板-淋巴细胞比值、全身免疫炎症指数均与高敏肌钙蛋白T的跑步前后变化率存在显著的正相关（ρ=0.28，P=0.03；ρ=0.31，P=0.01；ρ=0.27，P=0.03）；这3个指标也分别与以乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、高敏肌钙蛋白T、N末端B型钠尿肽前体、同型半胱氨酸等心肌相关指标集合的跑步前后变化率具有显著的正相关（r=0.446，P=0.039；r=0.452，P=0.033；r=0.449，P=0.036）。另外，血小板-淋巴细胞比值与肌酸激酶及肌酸激酶同工酶的跑步前后变化率也呈正相关（ρ=0.27，P=0.03；ρ=0.28，P=0.02）。综上，马拉松运动过程中可能引发急性心肌损伤。新型炎症指标变化与心肌酶、心梗标志物、N末端B型钠尿肽前体、同型半胱氨酸变化相关显著，对于运动中心肌损伤预测可能具有一定价值。.