METHODS: The sample consisted of psychiatric patients who attempted suicide (n=101) on the one hand and those who did not attempt suicide (n=114) on the other. The questionnaires used were the Hungarian validated versions of Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and a demographic questionnaire.
RESULTS: Results indicated that Novelty Seeking (NS) temperament trait [EH=1.043; 95% C.I.=(0.950-1.145)] p=0.376; emotional abuse [EH=1.034; 95% C.I.=(0.966-1.107)] p=0.336; emotional neglect [EH=1.022; 95% C.I.=(0.936-1.116)] p=0.626; and sexual abuse [EH=1.047; 95% C.I.=(0.959-1.142)] p=0.305 were associated with nonsignificant increases in the odds of suicide attempts. Whereas secure attachment style [EH=0.908; 95% C.I.=(0.842-0.980)] p=0.013 appeared to be a significantly protective factor (c2(1)=6.515 p=0.011). Furthermore, when examining the connection between childhood traumas and adult attachment styles it was found that the anxious attachment style had a positive significant correlation with emotional abuse (rs(197)=0.293) p<0.001, avoidant attachment style with emotional neglect (rs(197)= 0.273) p<0.001.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that individuals with avoidant attachment style and childhood traumas are likely to present a higher suicide risk. However secure attachment style likely to present a lower risk for suicide.
方法:样本包括一方面企图自杀的精神病患者(n=101)和另一方面没有企图自杀的精神病患者(n=114)。使用的问卷是匈牙利验证版本的成人依恋量表(AAS),童年创伤问卷(CTQ),气质和性格量表(TCI)和人口统计问卷。
结果:结果表明,寻求新颖性(NS)气质特征[EH=1.043;95%C.I.=(0.950-1.145)]p=0.376;情感虐待[EH=1.034;95%C.I.=(0.966-1.107)]p=0.336;情感忽视[EH=1.022;95%C.I.=1.0.659而安全连接方式[EH=0.908;95%C.I.=(0.842-0.980)]p=0.013似乎是一个显着的保护因素(c2(1)=6.515p=0.011)。此外,在研究童年创伤与成人依恋风格之间的联系时,发现焦虑依恋风格与情感虐待呈正相关(rs(197)=0.293)p<0.001,回避依恋风格与情感忽视呈正相关(rs(197)=0.273)p<0.001。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,具有回避型依恋风格和童年创伤的个体可能表现出更高的自杀风险。但是,安全的依恋方式可能会降低自杀风险。