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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is associated with abnormal dynamic functional connectivity patterns, but the dynamic changes in brain activity at each time point remain unclear, as does the potential molecular mechanisms associated with the dynamic temporal characteristics of TLE.
METHODS: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was acquired for 84 TLE patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs). The data was then used to conduct HMM analysis on rs-fMRI data from TLE patients and an HC group in order to explore the intricate temporal dynamics of brain activity in TLE patients with cognitive impairment (TLE-CI). Additionally, we aim to examine the gene expression profiles associated with the dynamic modular characteristics in TLE patients using the Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA) database.
RESULTS: Five HMM states were identified in this study. Compared with HCs, TLE and TLE-CI patients exhibited distinct changes in dynamics, including fractional occupancy, lifetimes, mean dwell time and switch rate. Furthermore, transition probability across HMM states were significantly different between TLE and TLE-CI patients (p < 0.05). The temporal reconfiguration of states in TLE and TLE-CI patients was associated with several brain networks (including the high-order default mode network (DMN), subcortical network (SCN), and cerebellum network (CN). Furthermore, a total of 1580 genes were revealed to be significantly associated with dynamic brain states of TLE, mainly enriched in neuronal signaling and synaptic function.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new insights into characterizing dynamic neural activity in TLE. The brain network dynamics defined by HMM analysis may deepen our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of TLE and TLE-CI, indicating a linkage between neural configuration and gene expression in TLE.
METHODS: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was acquired for 84 TLE patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs). The data was then used to conduct HMM analysis on rs-fMRI data from TLE patients and an HC group in order to explore the intricate temporal dynamics of brain activity in TLE patients with cognitive impairment (TLE-CI). Additionally, we aim to examine the gene expression profiles associated with the dynamic modular characteristics in TLE patients using the Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA) database.
RESULTS: Five HMM states were identified in this study. Compared with HCs, TLE and TLE-CI patients exhibited distinct changes in dynamics, including fractional occupancy, lifetimes, mean dwell time and switch rate. Furthermore, transition probability across HMM states were significantly different between TLE and TLE-CI patients (p < 0.05). The temporal reconfiguration of states in TLE and TLE-CI patients was associated with several brain networks (including the high-order default mode network (DMN), subcortical network (SCN), and cerebellum network (CN). Furthermore, a total of 1580 genes were revealed to be significantly associated with dynamic brain states of TLE, mainly enriched in neuronal signaling and synaptic function.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new insights into characterizing dynamic neural activity in TLE. The brain network dynamics defined by HMM analysis may deepen our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of TLE and TLE-CI, indicating a linkage between neural configuration and gene expression in TLE.
摘要：
背景：颞叶癫痫（TLE）与异常的动态功能连接模式有关，但是每个时间点大脑活动的动态变化仍不清楚，与TLE的动态时间特征相关的潜在分子机制也是如此。
方法：对84例TLE患者和35例健康对照者（HC）进行静息状态功能磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）。然后将数据用于对TLE患者和HC组的rs-fMRI数据进行HMM分析，以探索患有认知障碍（TLE-CI）的TLE患者脑活动的复杂时间动态。此外,我们的目标是使用Allen人脑图谱(AHBA)数据库检测TLE患者中与动态模块特征相关的基因表达谱.
结果：本研究中确定了5种HMM状态。与HC相比，TLE和TLE-CI患者表现出明显的动态变化，包括部分占用率，寿命,平均停留时间和切换率。此外，TLE和TLE-CI患者之间HMM状态间的转移概率存在显著差异(p<0.05)。TLE和TLE-CI患者状态的时间重新配置与多个大脑网络（包括高阶默认模式网络（DMN），皮层下网络（SCN），和小脑网络（CN）。此外，共发现1580个基因与TLE的动态大脑状态显着相关，主要富集在神经元信号和突触功能。
结论：这项研究为表征TLE的动态神经活动提供了新的见解。通过HMM分析定义的脑网络动力学可能会加深我们对TLE和TLE-CI的神经生物学基础的理解，表明TLE中神经构型与基因表达之间存在联系。
方法：对84例TLE患者和35例健康对照者（HC）进行静息状态功能磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）。然后将数据用于对TLE患者和HC组的rs-fMRI数据进行HMM分析，以探索患有认知障碍（TLE-CI）的TLE患者脑活动的复杂时间动态。此外,我们的目标是使用Allen人脑图谱(AHBA)数据库检测TLE患者中与动态模块特征相关的基因表达谱.
结果：本研究中确定了5种HMM状态。与HC相比，TLE和TLE-CI患者表现出明显的动态变化，包括部分占用率，寿命,平均停留时间和切换率。此外，TLE和TLE-CI患者之间HMM状态间的转移概率存在显著差异(p<0.05)。TLE和TLE-CI患者状态的时间重新配置与多个大脑网络（包括高阶默认模式网络（DMN），皮层下网络（SCN），和小脑网络（CN）。此外，共发现1580个基因与TLE的动态大脑状态显着相关，主要富集在神经元信号和突触功能。
结论：这项研究为表征TLE的动态神经活动提供了新的见解。通过HMM分析定义的脑网络动力学可能会加深我们对TLE和TLE-CI的神经生物学基础的理解，表明TLE中神经构型与基因表达之间存在联系。
