自噬,一种进化上保守的细胞机制,对于维持内部稳定性至关重要,对女性生殖能力起着至关重要的作用。在这次审查中,我们讨论了自噬与女性生殖健康几个方面之间复杂的相互作用,包括怀孕,卵巢功能,妇科恶性肿瘤,子宫内膜异位症,和不孕症。现有研究强调自噬在胚胎着床中的重要意义,特别是在子宫内膜,强调其在确保胎儿正常发育方面的必要性。虽然已经获得了一些知识,自噬对卵母细胞质量的具体分子影响尚缺乏研究,卵泡的生长,和一般生殖健康。自噬在成熟过程中发挥作用,质量,和卵母细胞的发育。它还参与生殖衰老,随着年龄增长导致生殖功能下降。本文就自噬在女性生殖系统中的生理功能进行综述,它参与生殖毒性,以及它与子宫内膜和胚胎的重要联系。此外,这项研究调查了旨在修饰自噬的新兴治疗方法的可能性,使用天然物质和合成分子,改善女性生育能力和生殖结果。此外,本综述旨在通过回顾最近的研究并指出当前知识缺乏的领域,启发对自噬在女性生殖健康中的复杂作用的未来探索。随后的调查应优先考虑将这些发现转化为医学领域的实际用途,这可能会导致对不孕症和其他与生殖相关的困难的开创性治疗。因此,全面了解自噬对女性生育能力的许多影响,不仅将进一步推进生殖生物学领域,还将为诊断和治疗方法开辟新的可能性。
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved cellular mechanism essential for maintaining internal stability, plays a crucial function in female reproductive ability. In this review, we discuss the complex interplay between autophagy and several facets of female reproductive health, encompassing pregnancy, ovarian functions, gynecologic malignancies, endometriosis, and infertility. Existing research emphasizes the crucial significance of autophagy in embryo implantation, specifically in the endometrium, highlighting its necessity in ensuring proper fetal development. Although some knowledge has been gained, there is still a lack of research on the specific molecular impacts of autophagy on the quality of oocytes, the growth of follicles, and general reproductive health. Autophagy plays a role in the maturation, quality, and development of oocytes. It is also involved in reproductive aging, contributing to reductions in reproductive function that occur with age. This review explores the physiological functions of autophagy in the female reproductive system, its participation in reproductive toxicity, and its important connections with the endometrium and embryo. In addition, this study investigates the possibility of emerging treatment approaches that aim to modify autophagy, using both natural substances and synthetic molecules, to improve female fertility and reproductive outcomes. Additionally, this review intends to inspire future exploration into the intricate role of autophagy in female reproductive health by reviewing recent studies and pinpointing areas where current knowledge is lacking. Subsequent investigations should prioritize the conversion of these discoveries into practical uses in the medical field, which could potentially result in groundbreaking therapies for infertility and other difficulties related to reproduction. Therefore, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the many effects of autophagy on female fertility would not only further the field of reproductive biology but also open new possibilities for diagnostic and treatment methods.