背景:许多人都会出现疲劳等长期症状,认知问题,或急性感染COVID-19后呼吸急促。这种新出现的综合症,被称为长科维德,在许多方面都是新的和复杂的。这项研究旨在收集患有长期COVID和流动医疗结构的人的经验。
方法:2022年6月和7月,共对23例长COVID成年人进行了四个焦点小组。这些讨论是录音的,随后转录,并使用Mayring和Kuckartz的定性内容分析进行了分析。
结果:19名参与者中有14名因为长期的COVID症状而接受过初级护理。许多受访者报告说,他们的全科医生没有认真对待他们的长期COVID症状,也没有将他们转介给专家或提出治疗建议。然而,一些参与者报告说,他们接受了非药物治疗(例如,由心理治疗师支持的小组会议,职业治疗,等。)改善了他们的状况。23名受访者中有14名认为护理障碍,如提供者缺乏对长COVID的认识,很难接触专家,缺乏专门的护理(例如,长的COVID诊所),或特定医疗服务的高官僚障碍。为了改善医疗保健,参与者建议开展运动,提高医疗保健提供者和普通人群对长COVID的认识,增加对长期COVID治疗结构开发的研究和政府投资,扩大现有的治疗服务,并为患有长期COVID的人建立综合专科医疗的一站式商店。
结论:这项研究可以得出对医疗保健专业人员和政策制定者的一些启示:(1)全科医生应认真对待长期COVID的症状,承担护理协调角色,进行推荐,并与长COVID诊所建立联系;(2)护理计划人员应专注于开发长COVID的跨专业循证护理和治疗方法;(3)应扩大现有的护理结构,例如长COVID门诊。首要目标必须是为长期COVID诊断制定一致的指南,care,和治疗。
背景:该研究已在德国临床试验注册中注册(DRKS00026007,于2021年9月9日首次注册)。
BACKGROUND: Many people experience long-term symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive problems, or shortness of breath after an acute infection with COVID-19. This emerging syndrome, known as long COVID, is new and complex in many aspects. This
study aims to collect the experiences of people with long COVID with ambulatory healthcare structures.
METHODS: Four focus groups were conducted with a total of 23 adults with long COVID in June and July 2022. These discussions were audio-recorded, subsequently transcribed, and analyzed using the qualitative content analysis of Mayring and Kuckartz.
RESULTS: Fourteen out of 19 participants who had a primary care encounter regarding their long COVID symptoms did not perceive it as helpful. Many respondents reported that their general practitioners did not take their long COVID symptoms seriously and did not refer them to specialists or made therapeutic recommendations. However, some participants reported that they were prescribed non-pharmaceutical therapies (e.g., group meetings supported by psychotherapists, occupational therapy, etc.) that improved their condition. 14 of 23 respondents perceived care barriers such as providers\' lack of awareness of long COVID, poor access to specialists, a lack of specialized care (e.g., long COVID clinics), or high bureaucratic hurdles for specific healthcare services. To improve medical care, participants suggested campaigns to raise awareness of long COVID among healthcare providers and the general population, increase research and government investments regarding the development of treatment structures for long COVID, expanding existing therapeutic services, and establishing one-stop shops for integrated specialist healthcare for people with long COVID.
CONCLUSIONS: Several implications for healthcare professionals and policymakers can be derived from this
study: (1) general practitioners should take the symptoms of long COVID seriously, assume a care coordinating role, make referrals, and establish contact with long COVID clinics; (2) care planners should focus on developing interprofessional evidence-based care and treatment approaches for long COVID; (3) existing care structures such as long COVID outpatient clinics should be expanded. The overarching goal must be to develop consistent guidelines for long COVID diagnosis, care, and treatment.
BACKGROUND: The
study is registered in the German register for clinical trials (DRKS00026007, first registration on 09/09/2021).