PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This comprehensive exploration delves into the pivotal role of microRNAs (miRNAs) within the intricate tapestry of cellular regulation. As potent orchestrators of gene expression, miRNAs exhibit diverse functions in cellular processes, extending their influence from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The complex journey of miRNA biogenesis, involving transcription, processing, and integration into the RNA-induced silencing complex, showcases their versatility. In the cytoplasm, mature miRNAs finely tune cellular functions by modulating target mRNA expression, while their reach extends into the nucleus, influencing transcriptional regulation and epigenetic modifications. Dysregulation of miRNAs becomes apparent in various pathologies, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions. The adaptability of miRNAs to environmental signals, interactions with transcription factors, and involvement in intricate regulatory networks underscore their significance. DNA methylation and histone modifications adds depth to understanding the dynamic regulation of miRNAs. Mechanisms like competition with RNA-binding proteins, sponging, and the control of miRNA levels through degradation and editing contribute to this complex regulation process. In this review, we mainly focus on how dysregulation of miRNA expression can be related with skin-related autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. We also emphasize the multifaceted roles of miRNAs, urging continued research to unravel their complexities. The mechanisms governing miRNA functions promise advancements in therapeutic interventions and enhanced insights into cellular dynamics in health and disease.
摘要：
这项全面的探索探讨了microRNAs（miRNAs）在复杂的细胞调节挂毯中的关键作用。作为基因表达的有力协调者，miRNA在细胞过程中表现出不同的功能，将它们的影响从细胞核扩展到细胞质。miRNA生物发生的复杂旅程，涉及转录，processing,整合到RNA诱导的沉默复合物中，展示他们的多功能性。在细胞质中，成熟的miRNA通过调节靶mRNA表达来微调细胞功能，当它们延伸到细胞核时，影响转录调控和表观遗传修饰。miRNA的失调在各种病理中变得明显，比如癌症，自身免疫性疾病，和炎症条件。miRNA对环境信号的适应性,与转录因子的相互作用，参与复杂的监管网络强调了它们的重要性。DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰有助于深入理解miRNAs的动态调控。与RNA结合蛋白竞争等机制，海绵，而通过降解和编辑对miRNA水平的控制有助于这一复杂的调控过程。在这次审查中,我们主要关注miRNA表达失调如何与皮肤相关的自身免疫性疾病和自身炎症性疾病有关，关节炎,心血管疾病,炎症性肠病，自身免疫性和自身炎症性疾病，和神经退行性疾病。我们还强调了miRNAs的多方面作用，敦促继续研究以解开其复杂性。控制miRNA功能的机制有望在治疗干预方面取得进步，并增强对健康和疾病中细胞动力学的见解。
