背景:犬细小病毒性肠炎(CPE)是世界范围内的致命疾病。CPE的治疗主要基于支持和对症治疗。在治疗中加入抗病毒可导致更高的存活率。
目的:本研究评估了标准化治疗(ST)的抗病毒治疗对自然发生CPE犬的临床和炎症反应的影响。
方法:将犬2型细小病毒引起的CPE犬28只随机分为治疗组。ST组接受补液,抗生素,止吐药,和驱虫治疗。抗病毒治疗组接受相同的ST与额外的抗病毒药物,重组猫干扰素ω(rFeIFN-ω),奥司他韦(OSEL)或泛昔洛韦(FAM)。
结果:与健康对照相比,肿瘤坏死因子-α,白细胞介素-1β,干扰素(IFN)-α,IFN-γ,触珠蛋白,C反应蛋白值在第0天很高(p<0.05)。在介绍时,轻度淋巴细胞减少,中性粒细胞减少症,并且还观察到高中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞(LYM)比率(NLR)。将rFeIFN-ω添加到ST产生了临床评分的最佳改善,NLR降低,而第3天白细胞保持较低,炎症标志物保持较高。ST+IFN组生存率为85.7%,ST+OSEL中的71.4%,ST+FAM中71.4%,第7天ST组为57.1%。
结论:抗病毒药物在治疗CPE以改善临床症状和生存率方面可能是有价值的。此外,有利于LYM的NLR降低可能是白细胞改善之前的早期预后指标,细胞因子,和CPE中的急性期蛋白。
BACKGROUND: Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) is a fatal disease worldwide. The treatment of CPE is based mainly on supportive and symptomatic treatment. Antiviral addition to the treatment may result in a higher survival.
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of antiviral treatments with a standardized treatment (ST) on the clinical and inflammatory response of dogs with naturally occurring CPE.
METHODS: Twenty-eight dogs with CPE caused by canine parvovirus type 2 were divided randomly into treatment groups. The ST group received fluid, antibiotic, antiemetic, and deworming treatments. The antiviral treatment groups received the same ST with an additional antiviral drug, recombinant feline interferon omega (rFeIFN-ω), oseltamivir (OSEL) or famciclovir (FAM).
RESULTS: Compared to the healthy control, the tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ, haptoglobin, and C-reactive protein values were high (p < 0.05) on day zero. At presentation, mild lymphopenia, neutropenia, and a high neutrophil to lymphocyte (LYM) ratio (NLR) were also observed. Adding rFeIFN-ω to the ST produced the best improvement in the clinical score with a decreased NLR, while leucocytes remained low and inflammatory markers stayed high on day three. The survival rates of the groups were 85.7% in ST+IFN, 71.4% in ST+OSEL, 71.4% in ST+FAM, and 57.1% in ST groups on day seven.
CONCLUSIONS: Antiviral drugs may be valuable in treating CPE to improve the clinical signs and survival. In addition, the decrease in NLR in favor of LYM may be an indicator of the early prognosis before the improvement of leukocytes, cytokines, and acute phase proteins in CPE.