背景:天然化合物可以对健康产生积极影响,各种研究表明,它们通过影响短链脂肪酸(SCFA)来调节糖脂代谢。这种新陈代谢是维持体内能量平衡和正常生理功能的关键。这篇综述探讨了SCFA如何调节葡萄糖和脂质代谢以及可以通过SCFA调节这些过程的天然化合物。这为将来治疗葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱提供了更健康的方法。
方法:本文回顾了PubMed和WebofScienceCoreCollection(WoSCC)中有关SCFA和糖脂代谢的相关文献。它还突出了一系列天然化合物,包括多糖,花青素,槲皮素,resveratrols,类胡萝卜素,还有甜菜碱,可以通过调节SCFA途径来调节糖脂代谢。
结果:天然化合物富集了产生SCFA的细菌,抑制有害细菌,并调节肠道微生物群中的操作分类单元(OTU)丰度和肠道运输速率,以影响肠道中的SCFA含量。然而,大多数研究都是在动物身上进行的,缺乏临床试验,并且涉及较少的针对SCFA的天然化合物。需要更多的研究来支持结论并开发更健康的干预措施。
结论:SCFA对人类健康至关重要,主要由肠道菌群通过膳食纤维发酵产生。吃富含天然化合物的食物,包括水果,蔬菜,茶,和粗纤维食品,可以阻碍有害的肠道细菌生长并促进有益的细菌增殖,从而提高SCFA水平并调节糖脂代谢。通过研究这些化合物如何通过SCFA途径影响糖脂代谢,可以为治疗糖脂代谢紊乱提供新的见解和方向。
BACKGROUND: Natural compounds can positively impact health, and various studies suggest that they regulate glucose‒lipid metabolism by influencing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This metabolism is key to maintaining energy balance and normal physiological functions in the body. This review explores how SCFAs regulate glucose and lipid metabolism and the natural compounds that can modulate these processes through SCFAs. This provides a healthier approach to treating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in the future.
METHODS: This article reviews relevant literature on SCFAs and glycolipid metabolism from PubMed and the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). It also highlights a range of natural compounds, including polysaccharides, anthocyanins, quercetins, resveratrols, carotenoids, and betaines, that can regulate glycolipid metabolism through modulation of the SCFA pathway.
RESULTS: Natural compounds enrich SCFA-producing bacteria, inhibit harmful bacteria, and regulate operational taxonomic unit (OTU) abundance and the intestinal transport rate in the gut microbiota to affect SCFA content in the intestine. However, most studies have been conducted in animals, lack clinical trials, and involve fewer natural compounds that target SCFAs. More research is needed to support the conclusions and to develop healthier interventions.
CONCLUSIONS: SCFAs are crucial for human health and are produced mainly by the gut microbiota via dietary fiber fermentation. Eating foods rich in natural compounds, including fruits, vegetables, tea, and coarse fiber foods, can hinder harmful intestinal bacterial growth and promote beneficial bacterial proliferation, thus increasing SCFA levels and regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. By investigating how these compounds impact glycolipid metabolism via the SCFA pathway, novel insights and directions for treating glucolipid metabolism disorders can be provided.