结论:甲基乙二醛和乙二醛酶在植物对重金属胁迫的反应中起重要作用。我们更新并讨论了甲基乙二醛和乙二醛酶在调节植物对重金属胁迫的反应方面的最新进展。甲基乙二醛(MG),几个代谢过程的副产品,是由酶和非酶机制产生的。它在植物生长发育中起着重要的作用,信号转导,以及对重金属胁迫(HMS)的响应。在HMS下,MG含量和乙二醛酶(GLY)活性的变化暗示它们可能是植物抗逆性的潜在生物标志物。在这次审查中,本文综述了近年来MG和GLY在调节植物对HMS反应中的作用机制研究进展。已经发现,适当浓度的MG有助于植物维持生长发育和生存防御之间的平衡。因此保护它们免受重金属伤害。MG和GLY通过重塑细胞氧化还原稳态来调节植物生理过程,调节气孔运动,并与其他信号分子(包括脱落酸,赤霉素,茉莉酸,细胞分裂素,水杨酸,褪黑激素,乙烯,硫化氢,和一氧化氮)。我们还讨论了MG和GLY参与调节植物对HMS的转录反应,翻译,和代谢水平。最后,考虑到研究的现状,我们提出了MG研究的未来方向,以阐明MG的抗应激机制,并为未来重金属污染环境的修复提供理论基础和有益建议。
CONCLUSIONS: Methylglyoxal and glyoxalase function a significant role in plant response to heavy metal stress. We update and discuss the most recent developments of
methylglyoxal and glyoxalase in regulating plant response to heavy metal stress.
Methylglyoxal (MG), a by-product of several metabolic processes, is created by both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. It plays an important role in plant growth and development, signal transduction, and response to heavy metal stress (HMS). Changes in MG content and glyoxalase (GLY) activity under HMS imply that they may be potential biomarkers of plant stress resistance. In this review, we summarize recent advances in research on the mechanisms of MG and GLY in the regulation of plant responses to HMS. It has been discovered that appropriate concentrations of MG assist plants in maintaining a balance between growth and development and survival defense, therefore shielding them from heavy metal harm. MG and GLY regulate plant physiological processes by remodeling cellular redox homeostasis, regulating stomatal movement, and crosstalking with other signaling molecules (including abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, jasmonic acid, cytokinin, salicylic acid, melatonin, ethylene, hydrogen sulfide, and nitric oxide). We also discuss the involvement of MG and GLY in the regulation of plant responses to HMS at the transcriptional, translational, and metabolic levels. Lastly, considering the current state of research, we present a perspective on the future direction of MG research to elucidate the MG anti-stress mechanism and offer a theoretical foundation and useful advice for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated environments in the future.