Driven by international exchanges and climate changes, the invasion and spread of vector Anopheles mosquitoes posed a new challenge to achieving global malaria elimination. Taking the invasion of An. stephensi to exacerbate the malaria epidemic in Africa as an example, this article summarizes the current situation of global Anopheles invasion, and estimates the potential risk of vector Anopheles mosquitoes to unravel the difficulties and challenges in the global malaria elimination program, so as to provide insights into improved early earning and precision control of vector Anopheles mosquito invasion across the world.
［摘要］ 在国际交流与气候变化的驱动下, 媒介按蚊入侵与扩散 给全球疟疾消除目标的实现带来了新挑战。本文以斯氏按蚊入 侵加重非洲疟疾流行为例, 对全球按蚊入侵现状进行了梳理, 结 合媒介按蚊潜在入侵风险预估, 揭示全球疟疾消除的困难与挑 战, 为各国加强媒介按蚊入侵预警、媒介按蚊入侵的可持续精准 防控提供参考。.

Malaria is an infectious disease that seriously threatens human health. Currently, malaria control mainly depends on antimalarial chemotherapy. However, antimalarial drug resistance is becoming increasingly severe, which poses a great challenge to malaria control, notably treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. To address this challenge, there is a need to facilitate development of novel antimalarial drugs and innovation of treatment strategies, as well as reinforce surveillance and research on antimalarial drug resistance. This article reviews the main categories and use guidelines of current antimalarial agents, summarizes the current status and monitoring methods of antimalarial drug resistance, and proposes the response to antimalarial drug resistance, so as to provide insights into the use of antimalarial drugs and response to antimalarial drug resistance, and contribute to global malaria elimination.
［摘要］ 疟疾是严重威胁人类健康的传染病之一, 目前疟疾 防控仍以药物治疗为主。然而, 抗疟药耐药性问题日益严峻, 给疟疾防控尤其是恶性疟治疗带来了严峻挑战。为应对这一 挑战, 需推动新型抗疟药物开发和治疗策略创新, 并加强抗疟 药耐药性监测与研究。本文梳理了当前抗疟药主要类别及使 用原则, 总结了抗疟药耐药性现状、监测手段及应对策略, 旨 在为抗疟药使用及耐药性应对提供科学参考、助力全球消除 疟疾。.

Cooperation and networking are powerful tools in the combating against tropical diseases. Cooperation on a global scale is essential due to the transboundary nature of tropical diseases. Networking plays a pivotal role in facilitating such cooperation. Both cooperation and networking can foster innovation in disease control programmes. Collaborative research can lead to the development of new drugs and vaccines, while shared surveillance data can enable the early detection and control of disease epidemics. Therefore, consensus of cooperation and networking has been reached during the 7th Symposium on Surveillance-Response Systems Leading to Tropical Diseases Elimination, which reflected in the two documents, i.e., Consensus for Transboundary Tropical Diseases Control, and Action Consensus of the Network of WHO Collaborating Centres Related to NTDs. These documents will improve the efforts in the fighting against tropical diseases through collective actions to achieve the United Nations\' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

There are still multiple challenges in China during the malaria post-elimination phase, including a large number of imported malaria cases with widespread distribution, low awareness of timely healthcare seeking, insufficient malaria diagnosis and treatment capacity of medical institutions and insufficient malaria surveillance and response capability of disease control and prevention institutions. As the core technical institutions for preventing the re-establishment of malaria transmission, both medical institutions and disease control and prevention institutions are required to enhance the collaboration between clinical and public health services, improve the malaria diagnosis and quality management system, intensify case identification and epidemiological investigations, and improve the management mechanism of antimalarial drug reserves. In addition, doctors are encouraged to become the main force in the health education and promotion of malaria prevention to improve the public health literacy. These approaches are recommended to improve the overall capability of timely identification, standardized treatment and effective response of imported malaria cases, so as to continuously consolidate the malaria elimination achievements in China.
［摘要］ 我国消除疟疾后依然面临输入性疟疾病例量大面广、患 者及时就诊意识不高、医疗机构诊治能力和疾病预防控制机构监 测响应能力不足等挑战。医疗卫生和疾病预防控制机构作为防止 疟疾输入再传播的核心技术机构, 有必要进一步加强医防协作、不 断完善疟疾诊断和质量管理体系、加强病例发现与流行病学调查、完善抗疟药物储备管理机制, 让医务人员成为疟疾预防科普的主 力军, 以提升人群健康素养, 整体提升输入性疟疾病例及时发现、规范治疗、有效处置等能力, 持续巩固我国消除疟疾成果。.

The goal of achieving elimination of schistosomiasis across all endemic counties in China by 2030 was proposed in the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan. On June 16, 2023, the Action Plan to Accelerate the Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (2023-2030) was jointly issued by National Disease Control and Prevention Administration and other 10 ministries, which deployed the targets and key tasks of the national schistosomiasis elimination programme in China. This article describes the progress of the national schistosomiasis control programme, analyzes the opportunities to eliminate schistosomiasis, and proposes targeted recommendations to tackle the challenges of schistosomiasis elimination, so as to accelerate the process towards schistosomiasis elimination and facilitate the building of a healthy China.
［摘要］ 《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出了2030年我国所有血 吸虫病流行县达到消除标准的目标。2023年6月16日, 国家疾病 预防控制局等11部门联合印发了《加快实现消除血吸虫病目标行 动方案 (2023—2030年) 》, 对我国血吸虫病消除工作目标和重点 任务进行了明确部署。本文就我国血吸虫病防治工作进展、实现 消除血吸虫病目标的机遇进行了剖析, 并就面临的挑战提出针对 性的建议, 以推动全国血吸虫病消除进程、助力健康中国建设。.

暂无摘要。

The prevention and treatment of leprosy is a public health and social issue of global concern. China has become the first country in the world to put forward a proposal on the elimination of the harm caused by leprosy. This paper briefly introduces the status of the spread of leprosy in China, and systematically reviews the evolution of policies and measures at different stages of the disease in China, from the serious epidemic of leprosy to the control of the infection, to the basic elimination, and to the elimination of the hazards. On this basis, five main lessons learned from the control and elimination of leprosy in China were also summarized. These provide the basis for promoting the complete global elimination of leprosy and preventing its re-transmission, thereby benefiting all those who still suffer from the scourge of leprosy.

UNASSIGNED: Helicobacter pylori infection is very common worldwide, and about 10%-16% of these patients develop peptic ulcer disease. However, there is limited research on the impact of H. pylori eradication and peptic ulcer disease treatment sequencing.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a retrospective study of adult patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease between October 2020 and April 2021 at our center. Data on primary treatment outcomes, including H. pylori eradication and peptic ulcer disease healing, were collected, and factors that may influence treatment outcomes were analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 306 patients were included in this study. The sequence of H. pylori eradication and peptic ulcer disease treatment did not significantly affect the outcomes of H. pylori eradication and peptic ulcer disease healing. In addition, patient age, peptic ulcer disease type, clinic type and treatment regimen (including choice of proton pump inhibitor) had no significant impact on H. pylori eradication. However, patient gender and the choice of antibiotic combination proved to be key factors, as eradication rates were lower in female patients compared to males, and the combination of levofloxacin and clarithromycin was the least effective in eradicating H. pylori. Regarding peptic ulcer disease healing, the peptic ulcer disease type was an important influencing factor, since gastric ulcers being more likely to get cured completely compared to duodenal ulcers.
UNASSIGNED: The sequence of H. pylori eradication and peptic ulcer disease treatment does not significantly affect the primary outcomes. Patient gender and the choice of antibiotic combination are important factors in H. pylori eradication, whereas peptic ulcer disease type plays a key role in ulcer healing.

BACKGROUND: With approximately one-third of the global population exhibiting serological evidence of exposure, the hepatitis B virus remains a serious public health threat. Elimination of hepatitis B faces enormous challenges, from prevention to diagnosis, treatment, and long-term monitoring. Nurses are pivotal in optimising the hepatitis B care continuum; however, their contributions have been neglected.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of nurses in the elimination of hepatitis B and to synthesise the effectiveness of interventions with nursing roles in approaching the elimination target.
METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: Thirteen databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE via OvidSP, Ovid Emcare, Ovid Nursing Database, British Nursing Index, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, China National Knowledge Internet, SinoMed, and Wanfang Data) were searched from their inception to 6 December 2022.
METHODS: Interventional studies examining the contribution of nursing roles towards elimination targets were included. Content analysis was used to extract and map the nursing roles based on the nursing interventions classification system. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to examine the effectiveness of the intervention in improving hepatitis B screening, detection, and vaccination rates.
RESULTS: The synthesis from 16 studies identified 13 nursing roles that primarily involved (1) health education and counselling for informed patient decision-making regarding hepatitis B prevention, vaccination, screening, and disease monitoring; (2) case management and health promotion to advocate elimination services at multiple levels and enable equitable access among marginalised communities; and (3) running specialist clinics to lead advanced practices in prescribing and carrying diagnostic tests, formulating evidence-based individualised care plans, and coordinating care throughout the disease process. Interventions with these roles achieved pooled hepatitis B screening and detection rates of 64 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.44, 0.84) and 2 % (95 % CI = 0.00, 0.05), respectively, increased the odds of hepatitis B virus vaccination by 2.61 times (95 % CI = 1.60, 4.28), improved immunity rate, and enhanced patient adherence to antiviral treatment and monitoring of liver comorbidities. However, their effects on hepatitis B virus DNA-negative conversion rates and hepatocellular carcinoma incidence were not significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Nurses play multifaceted roles in advocating hepatitis B screening and vaccination, initiating outreach efforts in marginalised communities, and leading advanced practices that effectively contribute to the elimination of hepatitis B. Policymakers should consider how nurses may help the achievement of the elimination target.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO (CRD42022380719) registered on December 12, 2022.
CONCLUSIONS: Nurses raised awareness, initiated outreach efforts, addressed inequalities, and led advanced practices-effectively contributing to eliminating hepatitis B.

BACKGROUND: The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) remains variable for the same eradication regime even in the identical region, especially in developing countries. Herein, we conducted a systematic review to assess the effect of reinforced medication adherence on H. pylori eradication rate in developing countries.
METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in literature databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to March 2023. The core indicator was the changes in eradication rate after enhanced adherence. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled relative risk (RR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS: Nineteen RCTs that included a total of 3286 patients were assessed. The measures to enhance compliance were mainly through face-to-face communication, phone calls, text messages, and social software. Compared with the control group, patients received reinforced measures showed a better medication adherence (89.6% vs. 71.4%, RR = 1.26 95% CI: 1.16-1.37), higher H. pylori eradication rate (intention-to-treat analysis: 80.2% vs. 65.9%, RR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.12-1.31; per-protocol analysis: 86.8% vs. 74.8%, RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.23), higher symptom relief rates (81.8% vs. 65.1%, RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.09-1.38), higher degree of satisfaction (90.4% vs. 65.1%, RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.19-1.35), higher disease knowledge rates (SMD = 1.82, 95% CI: 0.77-2.86, p = 0.0007), and lower incidence of total adverse events (27.3% vs. 34.7%, RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52-0.99).
CONCLUSIONS: Based on available evidence, reinforced medication adherence as a nonnegligible measure improves H. pylori eradication rate in developing countries.