Syringomatous tumor of the nipple is a benign, locally infiltrative tumor. There are reports in the literature of tumor recurrence in cases of incomplete excision. Clinical and mammographic findings in syringomatous tumors are like those of breast carcinoma and the pathologist has a fundamental role in final tumor diagnosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to report a case of syringoma located in the areolar region. A 33-year-old woman reported that she had noticed a nodule in her left areolar region 4 years previously (February 2019). A breast ultrasound was performed, detecting intraparenchymatous breast cysts. Surgical resection of the nodule was indicated although it was not performed. Two years later, in August 2021, the patient underwent a mastopexy with prosthesis inclusion. Histopathology study of the surgical specimen revealed a syringomatous tumor with positive margins. Thirteen (13) months after diagnosis (September 3, 2021 - October 16, 2022), the patient is doing well and receives clinical follow-up.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of prophylactic photobiomodulation (PBM) in reducing postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) induced by carbon dioxide (CO2) laser resurfacing in a patient with periorbital syringomas. Background: PIH is a common condition characterized by abnormal skin pigmentation after an inflammatory process occurring in up to 20-30% of patients undergoing CO2 laser resurfacing. Methods: The patient was treated with PBM using a pulsed home-use device at 630 nm before and after CO2 laser treatment. The patient was asked to treat the right periorbital area before and after the CO2 laser treatment, which was continued once a day for 2 consecutive weeks. Results: At 12 weeks, PIH was significantly reduced on the treated side compared with the contralateral untreated side (leading to persistent erythema at 6 months). Conclusions: This is the first report of prophylactic treatment of CO2 laser-induced dyschromia using PBM.

Syringomas are benign tumours originating from the eccrine ducts. Lower eyelid is the commonest site of origin. Very few cases have been reported in literature till date. Histopathology demonstrates normal compressed eccrine ducts in the fibrous capsule along with tumour cells arranged in tubules and solid islands. This report describes a case of syringoma on the lower eyelid in a female patient.

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Syringomas are eccrine-derived benign adnexal neoplasms with the highest prevalence in early adulthood. They predominantly occur in females. They are commonly located on the face, particularly the lower eyelids, which have a high demand for cosmetic enhancement. Periorbital syringomas continue to pose a therapeutic challenge, with no consistently effective treatment available. Intradermal injection of botulinum toxin A is one of the new treatment modalities for periorbital syringomas. We report a case of periorbital syringomas in a 53-year-old female patient successfully treated using intradermal botulinum toxin A monotherapy as a painless cost-effective treatment that produced better long-term results than carbon dioxide laser.

Nonvenereal vulvar diseases such as syringoma and vestibular papillomatosis can be difficult to differentiate from genital warts. Misdiagnosis of these conditions can lead to improper treatment without significant improvement and prolonged suffering. Histopathology may differentiate these conditions from sexually transmitted diseases and help in appropriate treatment. Here, we present case series of four rare vulvar diseases.

Syringomatous adenoma of the nipple is a rare benign infiltrative neoplasm that was first described in 1983. At the time of this writing, a literature search revealed no cases of syringomatous adenoma of the nipple in association with invasive carcinoma of the breast. We report a case of syringomatous adenoma of the nipple in a 40-year old female who also had bilateral invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ of the breasts. Syringomatous adenomas of the nipple have been postulated to originate from eccrine structures of the nipple due to their microscopic similarity to other tumors of eccrine origin, such as syringomatous carcinoma. However, their exact origin is uncertain. Despite their benign behavior, they usually demonstrate an infiltrative and expansile proliferation into adjacent nipple and breast tissue. They have been confused with tubular carcinoma and low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma of the breast, both clinically and histologically. Complete excision is the therapy of choice, and only incompletely excised lesions have shown recurrence. We present this case to raise awareness that syringomatous adenoma of the nipple may present in patients with a simultaneous invasive carcinoma of the breast.

BACKGROUND: Although syringoma is a common benign tumour of the sudoriferous gland, there is also an extremely rare malignant form known as syringoid eccrine carcinoma (SEC). SEC usually exhibits slow growth with deep invasion and a frequent tendency to relapse. The treatment of choice is radical wide resection, which poses a difficult reconstructive problem, especially when the tumour is located in the centre of the face.
METHODS: In this case, a 70-year-old man was diagnosed with an SEC at the same location as a benign syringoma of the upper lip and nasal base that had undergone primary excision 7 years prior. Primary radical resection was performed with immediate Abbé flap reconstruction. Nevertheless, histology revealed positive margins, and 3 additional re-excisions were needed to achieve clear margins. Four months after the initial resection, the patient had undergone an innovative reconstruction technique including not only the Abbé flap but also a turbinate flap harvested with functional endonasal surgery and a three-stage forehead flap.
CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a suspect malignant transformation of a benign syringoma after 7 years. In addition, from oncoplastic and reconstructive points of view, the bilateral use of the turbinate flap for reconstructing the intranasal lining of the alar base is unusual, and the use of functional endonasal surgery in nasal reconstruction for reducing the risk of damaging the vascular supply of the flap is innovative.

Objective: Syringoma is a benign adnexal neoplasm of sweat gland, usually presenting as extra-genital lesions, while vulvar localization is rare. Moreover, syringoma is an uncommon vulvar neoplasms. Case report : A 44-year-old woman with previous diagnosis of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumour, underwent a local surgical excision for an isolated, painful, vulvar lesion. The specimen was submitted for histological examination. A vulvar syringoma was diagnosed. Conclusion: We describe this case according on its rarity and atypical presentation as well; therefore, vulvar neoplasms encompass many differential diagnoses, among which the incidence rate of syringoma is very low. Although its rarity, syringoma should be included among the differential diagnosis for vulvar neoplasm.

Generalized eruptive syringomas are a very rare variant of syringoma which appear on the chest, neck, abdomen, upper and lower arms, thighs, legs and back. They often affect adolescent or post-adolescent females, although cases have been described in children and older adults. Generalized eruptive syringomas are mostly sporadic but familial cases, and those associated with eczematous skin conditions, solid organ transplants, renal cell carcinoma and some genodermatoses have also been reported. Although eruptive syringomas may resemble cutaneous mastocytosis, disseminated granuloma annulare, eruptive xanthomata, steatocystoma multiplex, eruptive velus hair syndrome, verruca plana and other skin conditions clinically, the histological appearance characterized by upper dermal epithelial cords with a tendency to ductule formation and tadpole extension of outer epithelial layer is diagnostic. We report the case of a 20-year-old Nigerian woman with generalized eruptive syringoma.