背景:随着癌症治疗的进展,由于化疗等常规治疗的固有缺点,挑战仍然存在,基因治疗,放射治疗,和手术切除。此外,由于它们相关的副作用,常规治疗会影响癌细胞和正常细胞,使光动力疗法(PDT)成为一种有吸引力的选择。
方法:由于其毒性最小,特殊的特异性,和非侵入性特征,PDT代表了一种创新且非常有前途的癌症治疗策略,该策略使用光敏剂(PS)和精确波长的激发光在癌细胞附近引入活性氧(ROS)。
结果:罗丹明6G(R6G)的水溶性差和灵敏度降低阻止了其在PDT中用作光敏剂,需要开发氧化海藻酸钠(OSA)水凝胶纳米载体以提高其生物利用度,有针对性的分发,和ROS-量子产率。当使用基于藻酸盐的制剂时,ROS量子产率从水性环境中的0.30增加到0.51,在OSA的情况下,它进一步增强到0.81。
结论:此外,纳米制剂产生适合用作细胞显像剂的荧光信号,在医学成像中展示对比增强能力,并显示最小的毒性。
BACKGROUND: As cancer therapy progresses, challenges remain due to the inherent drawbacks of conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, gene therapy, radiation therapy, and surgical removal. Moreover, due to their associated side effects, conventional treatments affect both cancerous and normal cells, making photodynamic therapy (PDT) an attractive alternative.
METHODS: As a result of its minimal toxicity, exceptional specificity, and non-invasive characteristics, PDT represents an innovative and highly promising cancer treatment strategy using photosensitizers (PSs) and precise wavelength excitation light to introduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vicinity of cancer cells.
RESULTS: Poor aqueous solubility and decreased sensitivity of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) prevent its use as a photosensitizer in PDT, necessitating the development of oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) hydrogelated nanocarriers to enhance its bioavailability, targeted distribution, and ROS-quantum yield. The ROS quantum yield increased from 0.30 in an aqueous environment to 0.51 when using alginate-based formulations, and it was further enhanced to 0.81 in the case of OSA.
CONCLUSIONS: Furthermore, the nanoformulations produced fluorescent signals suitable for use as cellular imaging agents, demonstrating contrast-enhancing capabilities in medical imaging and showing minimal toxicity.