Abstract：
It is crucial for early stage medical diagnostics to identify disease biomarkers at ultralow concentrations. A wide range of analytes can be identified using low-dimensional materials to build highly sensitive, targeted, label-free, field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are preferable for high-performance biosensing because of their dramatic change in resistivity upon analyte adsorption or biomarker detection, tunable electronic properties, high surface activities, adequate stability, and layer-dependent semiconducting properties. We give a succinct overview of interesting applications for protein sensing with various architectural styles, such as 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)-based FETs that include carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (Gr), reduced graphene oxide (rGr), 2D transition-metal carbides (MXene), and Gr/MXene heterostructures. Because it might enable individuals to perform better, this review will be an important contribution to the field of medical science. These achievements demonstrate point-of-care diagnostics\' abilities to detect biomarkers at ultrahigh performance levels. A summary of the present opportunities and challenges appears in the conclusion.
摘要：
对于早期医学诊断，以超低浓度识别疾病生物标志物至关重要。使用低维材料可以识别广泛的分析物，以构建高灵敏度，有针对性的,无标签，场效应晶体管（FET）生物传感器。二维（2D）材料是高性能生物传感的首选材料，因为它们在分析物吸附或生物标志物检测时电阻率会发生巨大变化。可调的电子特性，高表面活性，足够的稳定性,和依赖于层的半导体特性。我们简要概述了具有各种建筑风格的蛋白质传感的有趣应用，例如包括碳纳米管（CNT）的基于2D过渡金属二硫属化合物（TMD）的FET，石墨烯(Gr),还原氧化石墨烯（rGr），2D过渡金属碳化物（MXene），和Gr/MXene异质结构。因为它可以使个人表现得更好，这篇综述将是对医学科学领域的重要贡献。这些成就证明了即时诊断能够以超高性能水平检测生物标志物。总结了当前的机遇和挑战。
