背景:盐度是一种主要的非生物胁迫,在当前和未来的气候变化情景下,农业部门使用盐水将带来更大的需求。这项研究的目的是开发一种双重功能的纳米肥料,该肥料能够释放出滋养植物生长的微量营养素,同时增强蚕豆(ViciafabaL.)的盐胁迫恢复力。
结果:辣木叶提取物用于合成硫纳米颗粒(SNP),以不同浓度(0、25、50和100mg/l)的叶面喷雾施用,以减轻盐胁迫(150mMNaCl)对蚕豆植物的负面影响。对SNP进行表征,发现其形状为球形,平均尺寸为10.98±2.91nm。结果表明,与对照相比,盐胁迫对蚕豆的生长和光合性能(Fv/Fm)具有不利影响。而在盐度胁迫下,用SNPs叶面喷施改善了这些参数。SNP的应用也增加了渗透压物质(可溶性糖,氨基酸,脯氨酸,和甘氨酸甜菜碱)和非酶抗氧化剂,同时降低氧化应激生物标志物(MDA和H2O2)的水平。此外,盐度胁迫下的SNP处理刺激了抗氧化酶(抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX),和过氧化物酶(POD),多酚氧化酶(PPO))并上调应激反应基因的表达:LHCII1型(Lhcb1)的叶绿素a-b结合蛋白,核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶大链样(RbcL),细胞壁转化酶I(CWINV1),鸟氨酸转氨酶(OAT),和乙烯反应转录因子1(ERF1),在50mg/lSNP时观察到最大的上调。
结论:总体而言,在农业中叶面施用硫纳米肥料可以提高生产率,同时最大程度地减少盐胁迫对植物的有害影响。因此,这项研究为未来的研究提供了坚实的基础,该研究专注于评估用纳米形式替代常规含硫肥料,以减少盐度胁迫的有害影响并提高蚕豆的生产力。
BACKGROUND: Salinity is a major abiotic stress, and the use of saline water in the agricultural sector will incur greater demand under the current and future climate changing scenarios. The objective of this study was to develop a dual-functional nanofertilizer capable of releasing a micronutrient that nourishes plant growth while enhancing salt stress resilience in faba bean (Vicia faba L.).
RESULTS: Moringa oleifera leaf extract was used to synthesize sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs), which were applied as a foliar spray at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/l) to mitigate the negative effects of salt stress (150 mM NaCl) on faba bean plants. The SNPs were characterized and found to be spherical in shape with an average size of 10.98 ± 2.91 nm. The results showed that salt stress had detrimental effects on the growth and photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm) of faba bean compared with control, while foliar spraying with SNPs improved these parameters under salinity stress. SNPs application also increased the levels of osmolytes (soluble sugars, amino acids, proline, and glycine betaine) and nonenzymatic antioxidants, while reducing the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA and H2O2). Moreover, SNPs treatment under salinity stress stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO)) and upregulated the expression of stress-responsive genes: chlorophyll a-b binding protein of LHCII type 1-like (Lhcb1), ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain-like (RbcL), cell wall invertase I (CWINV1), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), and ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1 (ERF1), with the greatest upregulation observed at 50 mg/l SNPs.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, foliar application of sulfur nanofertilizers in agriculture could improve productivity while minimizing the deleterious effects of salt stress on plants. Therefore, this study provides a strong foundation for future research focused on evaluating the replacement of conventional sulfur-containing fertilizers with their nanoforms to reduce the harmful effects of salinity stress and enhance the productivity of faba beans.