Abstract：
An experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to investigate the feasibility of Vicia faba grown on different fly ash concentrations (0-30%) and dual inoculation with Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Sampling was done 45 days after sowing to analyse the plant growth parameters, photosynthetic attributes (total chlorophyll and carotenoids content), protein content, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content, defensive factors (antioxidant activity and proline content) and damage markers (lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species and cell viability). The results revealed that the application of fly ash (FA) alone did not result in any significant improvement in growth, biochemical and physiological parameters. However, dual inoculation showed a synergistic impact on legume growth, photosynthetic pigments, protein, proline, and cell viability. Rhizobium, AMF and 10% FA showed maximum enhancement in all attributes mentioned. 20% and 30% fly doses showed a reduction in growth, photosynthesis and antioxidants and caused oxidative stress via lipid peroxidation. The results showed that the synergistic or combined interactions between all three variables of the symbiotic relationship (Rhizobium-legume-AMF) boosted plant productivity.
摘要：
在温室中进行了一项实验，以研究在不同粉煤灰浓度（0-30％）上种植蚕豆并接种根瘤菌和丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的可行性。在播种后45天进行取样以分析植物生长参数。光合属性（总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量），蛋白质含量，氮(N)和磷(P)含量,防御因子(抗氧化活性和脯氨酸含量)和损伤标志物(脂质过氧化，活性氧和细胞活力)。结果表明，单独施用粉煤灰（FA）不会导致生长的任何显着改善，生化和生理参数。然而,双重接种对豆类生长表现出协同影响，光合色素,蛋白质，脯氨酸,和细胞活力。根瘤菌,AMF和10%FA在所有提到的属性中显示出最大的增强。20%和30%的苍蝇剂量显示生长减少，光合作用和抗氧化剂，并通过脂质过氧化引起氧化应激。结果表明，共生关系的所有三个变量（根瘤菌-豆科植物-AMF）之间的协同或联合相互作用提高了植物生产力。
