Abstract：
Soil acidity is a global issue; soils with pH <4.5 are widespread in Europe. This acidity adversely affects nutrient availability to plants; pH levels <5.0 lead to aluminum (Al3+) toxicity, a significant problem that hinders root growth and nutrient uptake in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and its symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium. However, little is known about the specific traits and tolerant genotypes among the European faba beans. This study aimed to identify response traits associated with tolerance to root zone acidity and Al3+ toxicity and potentially tolerant genotypes for future breeding efforts. Germplasm survey was conducted using 165 genotypes in a greenhouse aquaponics system. Data on the root and shoot systems were collected. Subsequently, 12 genotypes were selected for further phenotyping in peat medium, where data on physiological and morphological parameters were recorded along with biochemical responses in four selected genotypes. In the germplasm survey, about 30% of genotypes showed tolerance to acidity and approximately 10% exhibited tolerance to Al3+, while 7% showed tolerance to both. The phenotyping experiment indicated diverse morphological and physiological responses among treatments and genotypes. Acid and Al3+ increased proline concentration. Interaction between genotype and environment was observed for ascorbate peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde, and proline concentrations. Genomic markers associated with acidity and acid+Al3+-toxicity tolerances were identified using GWAS analysis. Four faba bean genotypes with varying levels of tolerance to acidity and Al3+ toxicity were identified.
摘要：
土壤酸度是一个全球性问题；pH<4.5的土壤在欧洲很普遍。这种酸度会对植物的养分利用率产生不利影响；pH<5.0会导致铝（Al3）毒性，一个严重的问题，阻碍了蚕豆（蚕豆）的根系生长和养分吸收及其与根瘤菌的共生关系。然而,对欧洲蚕豆的具体性状和耐受性基因型知之甚少。这项研究旨在确定与对根区酸度和Al3毒性的耐受性相关的响应性状，以及潜在的耐受性基因型，以用于未来的育种工作。在温室水培系统中使用165个基因型进行了种质调查。收集根和芽系统的数据。随后，选择12种基因型在泥炭培养基中进行进一步的表型分析，其中记录了四种选定基因型的生理和形态参数数据以及生化反应。在种质调查中，约30％的基因型表现出对酸度的耐受性，约10％的基因型表现出对Al3的耐受性，而7%的人对两者都表现出耐受性。表型实验表明处理和基因型之间的形态和生理反应不同。酸和Al3+增加脯氨酸浓度。观察到抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性的基因型和环境之间的相互作用，丙二醛，和脯氨酸浓度。使用GWAS分析鉴定了与酸度和酸Al3毒性耐受性相关的基因组标记。鉴定出四种对酸度和Al3毒性具有不同耐受性的蚕豆基因型。
