土壤中过量的Cd积累减少了许多植物的产量,如山豆根。,是一种重要且广泛栽培的药用植物,其根部和根茎被用于中药。施用生物炭和有机肥料的混合物可以改善Cd污染土壤的整体健康状况,并提高苦参的产量和质量。然而,这种混合施肥与提高苦参产量和品质之间的潜在机制仍未得到揭示。本研究调查了生物炭和有机肥施用的效果(BO,生物炭与有机肥比例为1:2)对Cd污染土壤中苦参生长的影响。BO显著降低了苦参根际土壤总Cd含量(TCd),增加了土壤含水量,整体土壤养分水平,和土壤中的酶活性。此外,BO处理后土壤细菌群落的α多样性得到了显著提高。土壤pH值,总Cd含量,总碳含量,和溶解的有机碳是细菌优势种波动的主要原因。进一步的调查表明,丰富的可变微生物,包括酸杆菌,变形杆菌,拟杆菌,Firmicutes,氯氟菌,双子座,芽孢杆菌,Aramatimonadetes,亚组_6,芽孢杆菌和芽孢杆菌_酸化剂,Cd污染土壤也发生了显著变化。所有这些变化都有助于降低Cd含量,因此,苦参生物量和主要次生代谢产物(苦参碱和氧化苦参碱)含量的增加。我们的研究表明,生物炭和有机肥料的共同施用有可能通过调节Cd污染土壤中的微生物来增强土壤健康并提高植物的生产力和质量。
Excessive Cd accumulation in soil reduces the production of numerous plants, such as Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep., which is an important and widely cultivated medicinal plant whose roots and rhizomes are used in traditional Chinese medicine. Applying a mixture of biochar and organic fertilizers improved the overall health of the Cd-contaminated soil and increased the yield and quality of Sophora. However, the underlying mechanism between this mixed fertilization and the improvement of the yield and quality of Sophora remains uncovered. This study investigated the effect of biochar and organic fertilizer application (BO, biochar to organic fertilizer ratio of 1:2) on the growth of Sophora cultivated in Cd-contaminated soil. BO significantly reduced the total Cd content (TCd) in the Sophora rhizosphere soil and increased the soil water content, overall soil nutrient levels, and enzyme activities in the soil. Additionally, the α diversity of the soil bacterial community had been significantly improved after BO treatment. Soil pH, total Cd content, total carbon content, and dissolved organic carbon were the main reasons for the fluctuation of the bacterial dominant species. Further investigation demonstrated that the abundance of variable microorganisms, including Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Patescibacteria, Armatimonadetes, Subgroups_ 6, Bacillus and Bacillus_ Acidiceler, was also significantly changed in Cd-contaminated soil. All these alterations could contribute to the reduction of the Cd content and, thus, the increase of the biomass and the content of the main secondary metabolites (matrine and oxymatrine) in Sophora. Our research demonstrated that the co-application of biochar and organic fertilizer has the potential to enhance soil health and increase the productivity and quality of plants by regulating the microorganisms in Cd-contaminated soil.