背景:从韩国家用加湿器消毒剂悲剧(HHDT)中学到的经验教训,多年来毒害了成千上万的公民,有必要审查国家毒物预防和监测系统。本研究的目的是通过比较国际毒物控制中心(PCC)运营的最新趋势,确定化学中毒预防法规和监测系统所需的基本变化,以实现有效的毒物控制。并根据具有毒物警戒的PCCs的最新进展,描述在韩国建立最先进的毒物控制监测系统的关键要素。
方法:对韩国化学健康危害的监管和监测系统的全面审查,专注于HHDT下的家用产品,进行了。对主要国家的毒物警戒系统的审查表明,建立有效的国家PCC需要关键要素:集中的有毒物质和中毒病例数据库,强制或自愿报告中毒病例,实时警报,卫生组织之间的合作,并有针对性地跟踪中毒的人。
结果:韩国立法中的重大缺陷,毒理学数据管理,和中毒监测系统,解释了直到2011年底,韩国政府对HHDT的反应不足近17年。根据主要国家对PCC毒物警戒系统的审查,建议建立具有五个核心组成部分的国家框架,以建立具有毒物警戒能力的现代全面的韩国PCC系统。核心内容包括建立有毒物质信息和临床中毒病例集中数据库,实施中毒案件的强制性或允许性报告,实时警报机制,卫生相关组织之间的协作系统,以及中毒亚组的临床随访。
结论:有理由并提供了具有毒性警戒性的最先进的韩国国家PCC的基本原理和框架。这个拟议的系统可以帮助邻国建立自己的先进,全球一体化的PCC网络。
BACKGROUND: Lessons learned from the Household Humidifier Disinfectant Tragedy (HHDT) in Korea, which poisoned thousands of citizens over a period of years, necessitated an examination of national poison prevention and surveillance systems. The objectives of this study are to identify essential changes needed in chemical poisoning prevention regulations and surveillance systems for effective poison control by comparing recent trends in international poison control center (PCC) operations, and to delineate the critical elements for establishing a state-of-the-art poison control surveillance system in Korea based on recent advances in PCCs with toxicovigilance.
METHODS: A comprehensive review of Korea\'s regulatory and surveillance systems for chemical health hazards, with a focus on household products under the HHDT, was conducted. A review of toxicovigilance systems in major countries shows that creating an effective national PCC requires key elements: a centralized database of toxic substances and poisoning cases, mandatory or voluntary reporting of poisoning cases, real-time alerts, collaboration among health organizations, and targeted follow-up of poisoned individuals.
RESULTS: Significant deficiencies in Korea\'s legislation, toxicological data management, and poisoning surveillance systems, explained the inadequate response of the Korean government to the HHDT for nearly 17 years until the end of 2011. Based on a review of PCC toxicovigilance systems in major countries, a national framework with five core components is recommended for establishing a modern comprehensive Korea PCC system with toxicovigilance capacity. The core components include establishment of a centralized database of toxic substances information and clinical poisoning cases, implementation of mandatory or permissive reporting of poisoning cases, real-time alert mechanisms, collaborative systems among health-related organizations, and clinical follow-up of poisoned sub-groups.
CONCLUSIONS: A rationale and framework for a state-of-the-art national Korean PCC with toxicovigilance is justified and offered. This proposed system could assist neighboring countries in establishing their own sophisticated, globally integrated PCC networks.