属于Tomicus属的三种杀树树皮甲虫,云南风子,短毛虫和小毛虫(鞘翅目;孔雀科,Scolytinae),是以云南松韧皮部组织为食的严重的木虫。三只Tomicus甲虫,在某些情况下,共存于同一个栖息地,为探索生殖基因的保守和发散提供了一个最好的系统。这里,我们应用比较转录组学和分子生物学方法来表征三个同胞Tomicus物种的生殖相关基因。Illumina对女性和男性生殖系统和残体的测序产生了大量干净的读数,代表云南T.中的185,920,232个序列,短小T.Bravipilosus的169,153,404和T.minor的178,493,176,分别组装成32,802,56,912和33,670个unigenes,分别。大多数基因在生殖组织中具有可检测的表达(FPKM>1),特别是短毛虫中的基因占总基因的76.61%。从转录组,共有838个基因编码463种解毒酶,鉴定了339种化学感觉膜蛋白和36种离子型谷氨酸受体(iGluRs),包括622个生殖组织表达基因。其中,羧酸酯酶(COE)的成员,离子型受体(IRs),感觉神经元膜蛋白(SNMPs)和iGluR在三个Tomicus物种的基因数量和序列同一性上高度保守。Further,表达谱分析揭示了许多在生殖组织中表达的基因以及这些甲虫的不同表达特征。研究结果为3种近缘甲虫生殖基因的保守性和差异性提供了依据。帮助了解他们不同的生殖策略和生殖成功的最大化。
Three tree-killing bark beetles belonging to the genus Tomicus, Tomicus yunnanensis, Tomicus brevipilosus and Tomicus minor (Coleoptera; Curculionidae, Scolytinae), are serious wood-borers with larvae feeding on the phloem tissues of Pinus yunnanensis. The three Tomicus beetles, in some cases, coexist in a same habitat, providing a best system for exploring the conservation and divergence of reproductive genes. Here, we applied comparative transcriptomics and molecular biology approaches to characterize reproductive-related genes in three sympatric Tomicus species. Illumina sequencing of female and male reproductive systems and residual bodies generated a large number of clean reads, representing 185,920,232 sequences in T. yunnanensis, 169,153,404 in T. brevipilosus and 178,493,176 in T. minor that were assembled into 32,802, 56,912 and 33,670 unigenes, respectively. The majority of the genes had detectable expression in reproductive tissues (FPKM >1), particularly those genes in T. brevipilosus accounting for 76.61 % of the total genes. From the transcriptomes, totally 838 genes encoding 463 detoxification enzymes, 339 chemosensory membrane proteins and 36 ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) were identified, including 622 reproductive tissue-expressed genes. Of these, members of carboxylesterases (COEs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) and iGluRs were highly conserved in gene numbers and sequence identities across three Tomicus species. Further, expression profiling analyses revealed a number of genes expressed in reproductive tissues and the diverse expression characteristics in these beetles. The results provide evidence for the conservation and differences of reproductive genes among three sympatric closely related beetles, helping understand their different reproductive strategies and the maximization of the reproductive success.