在新杀虫剂被广泛使用之前,杀虫剂抗性的风险评估和抗性机制对于抗性管理策略至关重要。Triflumezopyrim(TFM)是第一个商业化的中离子杀虫剂,对小褐飞虱(SBPH)具有高效的抑制烟碱乙酰胆碱受体,Laodelphoxstriatellus(Fallén)。在我们的研究中,SBPH对TFM的抗性增加了26.29倍,通过TFM连续选择21代后,抗性的实际遗传力为0.09。从F16代开始,经过五代在无杀虫剂条件下不断喂食,阻力水平下降了2.05倍,平均每代抗性下降率为0.01,但没有统计学下降。TFM抗性菌株对吡虫啉无交叉抗性,尼坦吡喃,噻虫嗪,dinotfuran,Flonicamid,吡虫啉,和氯非那比.第三和第五若虫阶段持续时间,成年前阶段,成人产卵前期,长寿,出苗率,抗性菌株的孵化率明显低于易感菌株,而男女比例则大大增加。健身费用为0.89。Further,细胞色素P450单加氧酶(P450)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)活性明显升高,但只有酶抑制剂胡椒基丁醚(PBO)对抗性菌株有显著的协同作用。P450基因CYP303A1、CYP4CE2和CYP419A1v2的表达显著增长。连续应用SBPH对TFM有一定的抗性风险。TFM抗性可能是由于P450基因过表达调节的P450酶的活性增加。
The risk assessment and resistance mechanisms of insecticide resistance are critical for resistance management strategy before a new insecticide is widely used. Triflumezopyrim (TFM) is the first commercialized mesoionic insecticide, which can inhibit nicotinic acetylcholine receptor with high-performance against the small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén). In our study, the resistance of SBPH to TFM increased 26.29-fold, and the actual heritability of resistance was 0.09 after 21 generations of continuous selection by TFM. After five generations of constant feeding under insecticide-free conditions from F16 generation, the resistance level decreased 2.05-fold, and the average resistance decline rate per generation was 0.01, but there were no statistical decline. The TFM resistant strains had no cross-resistance to imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, flonicamid, pymetrozine, and chlorfenapyr. The third and fifth nymphal stage duration, pre-adult stage, adult preoviposition period, longevity, emergence rate, and hatchability of the resistant strain were significantly lower than those of the susceptible strain, while the female-male ratio was considerably increased. The fitness cost was 0.89. Further, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) and carboxylesterase (CarE) activities were markedly increased, but only the enzyme inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO) had a significant synergistic effect on the resistant strain. The expression of CYP303A1, CYP4CE2, and CYP419A1v2 of P450 genes was significantly increased. SBPH has a certain risk of resistance to TFM with continuous application. The TFM resistance may be due to the increased activity of P450 enzyme regulated by the overexpression of P450 genes.