Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, a formidable agricultural pest, has developed resistance to various synthetic insecticides. However, how S. frugiperda utilizes its limited energy and resources to deal with various insecticides remains largely unexplored.
RESULTS: We utilized transcriptome sequencing to decipher the broad-spectrum adaptation mechanism of S. frugiperda to eight insecticides with distinct modes-of-action. Analysis of the Venn diagram revealed that 1014 upregulated genes and 778 downregulated genes were present in S. frugiperda treated with at least five different insecticides, compared to the control group. Exposure to various insecticides led to the significant upregulation of eight cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), four UDP glucosyltransferases (UGTs), two glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and two ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs). Among them, the sfCYP340AD3 and sfCYP4G74 genes were demonstrated to respond to stress from six different insecticides in S. frugiperda, as evidenced by RNA interference and toxicity bioassays. Furthermore, homology modeling and molecular docking analyses showed that sfCYP340AD3 and sfCYP4G74 possess strong binding affinities to a variety of insecticides.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these findings showed that S. frugiperda utilizes a battery of core detoxification genes to cope with the exposure of synthetic insecticides. This study also sheds light on the identification of efficient insecticidal targets gene and the development of resistance management strategies in S. frugiperda, thereby facilitating the sustainable control of this serious pest. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: We utilized transcriptome sequencing to decipher the broad-spectrum adaptation mechanism of S. frugiperda to eight insecticides with distinct modes-of-action. Analysis of the Venn diagram revealed that 1014 upregulated genes and 778 downregulated genes were present in S. frugiperda treated with at least five different insecticides, compared to the control group. Exposure to various insecticides led to the significant upregulation of eight cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), four UDP glucosyltransferases (UGTs), two glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and two ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs). Among them, the sfCYP340AD3 and sfCYP4G74 genes were demonstrated to respond to stress from six different insecticides in S. frugiperda, as evidenced by RNA interference and toxicity bioassays. Furthermore, homology modeling and molecular docking analyses showed that sfCYP340AD3 and sfCYP4G74 possess strong binding affinities to a variety of insecticides.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these findings showed that S. frugiperda utilizes a battery of core detoxification genes to cope with the exposure of synthetic insecticides. This study also sheds light on the identification of efficient insecticidal targets gene and the development of resistance management strategies in S. frugiperda, thereby facilitating the sustainable control of this serious pest. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
背景：秋季粘虫，节食夜蛾,一种可怕的农业害虫，已经对各种合成杀虫剂产生了抗药性。然而,S.frugiperda如何利用其有限的能量和资源来处理各种杀虫剂仍然没有被探索。
结果：我们利用转录组测序来破译S.frugiperda对8种具有不同作用模式的杀虫剂的广谱适应机制。维恩图的分析显示，在用至少五种不同的杀虫剂处理的S.frugiperda中存在1014个上调基因和778个下调基因，与对照组相比。暴露于各种杀虫剂导致八种细胞色素P450单加氧酶（P450）的显着上调，四种UDP葡萄糖基转移酶（UGT），两种谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs），和两个ATP结合盒转运蛋白(ABCs)。其中,sfCYP340AD3和sfCYP4G74基因被证明对6种不同杀虫剂的胁迫有反应。RNA干扰和毒性生物测定证明了这一点。此外，同源性建模和分子对接分析表明，sfCYP340AD3和sfCYP4G74对多种杀虫剂具有很强的结合亲和力。
结论：总的来说，这些发现表明，S.frugiperda利用一系列核心解毒基因来应对合成杀虫剂的暴露。本研究还为植物高效杀虫靶基因的鉴定和抗性管理策略的发展提供了启示，从而促进这种严重害虫的可持续控制。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
结果：我们利用转录组测序来破译S.frugiperda对8种具有不同作用模式的杀虫剂的广谱适应机制。维恩图的分析显示，在用至少五种不同的杀虫剂处理的S.frugiperda中存在1014个上调基因和778个下调基因，与对照组相比。暴露于各种杀虫剂导致八种细胞色素P450单加氧酶（P450）的显着上调，四种UDP葡萄糖基转移酶（UGT），两种谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs），和两个ATP结合盒转运蛋白(ABCs)。其中,sfCYP340AD3和sfCYP4G74基因被证明对6种不同杀虫剂的胁迫有反应。RNA干扰和毒性生物测定证明了这一点。此外，同源性建模和分子对接分析表明，sfCYP340AD3和sfCYP4G74对多种杀虫剂具有很强的结合亲和力。
结论：总的来说，这些发现表明，S.frugiperda利用一系列核心解毒基因来应对合成杀虫剂的暴露。本研究还为植物高效杀虫靶基因的鉴定和抗性管理策略的发展提供了启示，从而促进这种严重害虫的可持续控制。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
