Abstract：
Pediculus humanus capitis (head louse), which causes pediculosis capitis, remains a global health concern. Plant products are efficient alternative pediculicides for treating the human ectoparasite P. h. capitis which is resistant to permethrin. The study evaluates the toxicity and mechanisms of 6-gingerol and Cymbopogon citratus leaf extract on P. h. capitis. Pediculus humanus capitis adult stages were exposed to three different dosages of 6-gingerol and C. citratus crude leaf extract on filter sheets for 5, 10, and 30 min, respectively. The biochemical approach was used to assess the activity of detoxifying enzymes including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and oxidase. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to investigate the ultrastructure of the morphological body of lice. After 30 min, 6-gingerol and C. citratus leaf extract killed P. h. capitis completely. Bioassay periods significantly affected lice mortality (P < 0.05). The LC50 values for 6-gingerol and C. citratus extract were 1.79 μg/cm2 and 25.0 μg/cm2, respectively. 6-Gingerol and C. citratus leaf extract significantly lower AChE and GST activity (P < 0.05). Cymbopogon citratus also caused morphological ultrastructure changes in P. h. capitis, including an irregularly formed head, thorax, abdominal respiratory spiracles, and belly. 6-Gingerol and C. citratus leaf extracts could be used as an alternate pediculicide to decrease P. h. capitis populations.
摘要：
头虱(头虱),会导致头炎，仍然是全球健康问题。植物产品是用于治疗对氯菊酯具有抗性的人体外寄生物P.h.capitis的有效替代杀菌剂。本研究评价了6-姜辣素和cymbogoncalratus叶提取物对P.h.capitis的毒性和作用机制。将长尾草成虫在滤纸上暴露于三种不同剂量的6-姜辣素和橘树粗叶提取物5、10和30分钟，分别。生化方法用于评估包括乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）在内的解毒酶的活性，谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST），和氧化酶。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究虱子形态体的超微结构。30分钟后,6-姜辣素和柑橘叶提取物完全杀死了P.h.capitis。生物测定期显著影响虱子死亡率(P<0.05)。6-姜辣素和柳杉提取物的LC50值分别为1.79μg/cm2和25.0μg/cm2。6-姜酚和柳枝菜叶提取物显著降低AChE和GST活性(P<0.05)。citratratuscymbogon也引起了P.h.capitis的形态超微结构变化，包括不规则形状的头部，胸部,腹部呼吸螺旋状，和肚子。6-姜辣素和柳杉叶提取物可用作替代的杀真菌剂以减少P.h.capitis种群。
