■消防员面临更高的常见心理健康问题的风险,遇险率估计在30%左右,超过许多其他职业群体。虽然暴露于潜在创伤事件(PTE)是公认的风险因素,现有的研究承认需要更广泛的视角,包括职业压力领域内的多维因素。此外,这些证据在很大程度上依赖于横断面研究.这项研究采用了深入的纵向方法来评估消防员的心理困扰及其决定因素。
■参与者来自蒙特利尔的67个消防局,加拿大,符合具体标准:全职工作,智能手机所有权,最近至少接触过一个PTE,或第一响应者状态。受试者接受了电话采访,并被指示使用应用程序报告抑郁症,创伤后,每两周出现一次广泛性焦虑症状,以及与工作相关的压力源,社会支持,和应对方式。分析涉及274名参与者,区分至少一项痛苦测量中超过临床阈值的患者(“痛苦”亚组)和被认为有弹性的患者。“痛苦的持续时间和发作是为痛苦的组计算的,并采用线性混合模型来评估每个心理困扰变量的决定因素。
■在20.7%的参与者中观察到临床心理困扰,以抑郁为标志,创伤后,和焦虑症状,通常在第一个4周的参考期内。情境因素(运营气候、社会支持,孤独)和个人因素(应对方式,私人生活中的孤独和一生的创伤事件)对消防员工作环境中的心理困扰比职业压力更大。
■这项研究报告说,心理困扰的发生率低于以前的研究,可能归因于样本差异。它强调,报告的症状通常代表痛苦的组合和短暂层,而不是可诊断的精神障碍。此外,决定因素分析强调了该工人群体中人际关系和应对机制对心理健康预防干预的重要性。这些发现对消防员和类似紧急救援人员的预防和支持计划的制定具有重要意义。
UNASSIGNED: Firefighters face elevated risks of common mental health issues, with distress rates estimated at around 30%, surpassing those of many other occupational groups. While exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) is a well-recognized risk factor, existing research acknowledges the need for a broader perspective encompassing multidimensional factors within the realm of occupational stress. Furthermore, this body of evidence heavily relies on cross-sectional studies. This study adopts an intensive longitudinal approach to assess psychological distress and its determinants among firefighters.
UNASSIGNED: Participants were recruited from 67 fire stations in Montreal, Canada, meeting specific criteria: full-time employment, smartphone ownership, and recent exposure to at least one PTE, or first responder status. Subjects underwent a telephone interview and were directed to use an app to report depressive, post-traumatic, and generalized anxiety symptoms every 2 weeks, along with work-related stressors, social support, and coping styles. Analyses involved 274 participants, distinguishing between those exceeding clinical thresholds in at least one distress measure (the \"distressed\" subgroup) and those deemed \"resilient.\" The duration and onset of distress were computed for the distressed group, and linear mixed models were employed to evaluate determinants for each psychological distress variable.
UNASSIGNED: Clinical psychological distress was observed in 20.7% of participants, marked by depressive, post-traumatic, and anxiety symptoms, often within the first 4-week reference period. Contextual factors (operational climate, social support, solitude) and individual factors (coping style, solitude and lifetime traumatic events in private life) exhibited more significant impacts on psychological distress than professional pressures within the firefighters\' work environment.
UNASSIGNED: This study reports lower rates of psychological distress than previous research, possibly attributable to sample differences. It highlights that reported symptoms often represent a combined and transient layer of distress rather than diagnosable mental disorders. Additionally, determinants analysis underscores the importance of interpersonal relationships and coping mechanisms for mental health prevention interventions within this worker group. The findings carry implications for the development of prevention and support programs for firefighters and similar emergency workers.