背景:研究的目的是:(i)比较欧洲职业足球队的首发和非首发之间的累积负荷和健康;(ii)分析健康与负荷措施之间的关系;(iii)比较首发和非首发之间的外部和内部负荷的训练/比赛比(TMr)。
方法:在16周的时间内,十名球员被认为是首发球员,而七名球员被归类为非首发球员,在每个每周的微周期中考虑了六次训练和比赛日(MD)。使用了以下措施:健康(疲劳,睡眠质量,肌肉酸痛,压力,和情绪);负荷(感知努力(RPE),会话RPE(s-RPE),高速运行(HSR),冲刺,加速(ACC)和减速(DEC))。累积的健康/负荷是通过总结所有训练和比赛课程来计算的。而TMr是通过将累积的训练负荷除以所有负荷测量值和每个运动员的比赛数据来计算的。Mann-WhitneyU检验用于健康变量,而其余变量采用独立T检验进行组间比较.此外,使用SpearmanRho相关系数探讨变量之间的关系。
结果:主要结果表明,与起动器相比,非起动器的疲劳值更高(p<0.019;g=0.24),持续时间的显着值更低(p<0.006;ES=1.81)和s-RPE(p<0.001;ES=2.69)。此外,发现睡眠质量与RPE之间呈正相关且非常大,虽然压力和减速之间存在负相关和非常大的相关性,情绪和减速(所有,p<0.05)。最后,非启动器在所有TMr中的价值高于启动器,即,RPE(p=0.001;g=1.96),s-RPE(p=0.002;g=1.77),HSR(p=0.001;g=2.02),冲刺(p=0.002;g=4.23),加速度(p=0.001;g=2.72),减速(p<0.001;g=3.44),和持续时间(p=0.003;g=2.27)。
结论:结论:这项研究表明,与初学者相比,尽管比赛和训练持续时间较低,但非初学者在所有检查变量中产生的TMr较高,这表明物理负荷得到了适当的调整。此外,较高的RPE与睡眠改善相关,而较高的减速次数与健康下降相关,即,非初学者的压力和情绪。
BACKGROUND: The aims of the study were to: (i) compare accumulated load and wellness between starters and non-starters of a European professional soccer team; (ii) analyze the relationships between wellness and load measures and; (iii) compare training/match ratio (TMr) of external and internal load between starters and non-starters.
METHODS: Ten players were considered starters while seven were classified as non-starters over a 16-week period in which six training sessions and match day (MD) were considered in each weekly micro-cycle. The following measures were used: wellness (fatigue, quality of sleep, muscle soreness, stress, and mood); load (rated of perceived exertion (RPE), session-RPE (s-RPE), high-speed running (HSR), sprinting, accelerations (ACC) and decelerations (DEC)). Accumulated wellness/load were calculated by summing all training and match sessions, while TMr was calculated by dividing accumulated training load by match data for all load measures and each player. Mann-Whitney U test was used for wellness variables, while independent T-test was used for the remaining variables to compare groups. Moreover, relationships among variables were explored using the Spearman\'s Rho correlation coefficient.
RESULTS: The main results showed that non-starters presented higher significant values for fatigue (p < 0.019; g = 0.24) and lower significant values for duration (p < 0.006; ES = 1.81) and s-RPE (p < 0.001; ES = 2.69) when compared to starters. Moreover, positive and very large correlation was found between quality of sleep and RPE, while negative and very large correlation were found between stress and deceleration, and mood and deceleration (all, p < 0.05). Finally, non-starters presented higher values in all TMr than starters, namely, RPE (p = 0.001; g = 1.96), s-RPE (p = 0.002; g = 1.77), HSR (p = 0.001; g = 2.02), sprinting (p = 0.002; g = 4.23), accelerations (p = 0.001; g = 2.72), decelerations (p < 0.001; g = 3.44), and duration (p = 0.003; g = 2.27).
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study showed that non-starters produced higher TMr in all examined variables despite the lower match and training durations when compared with starters, suggesting that physical load was adjusted appropriately. Additionally, higher RPE was associated with improved sleep while higher number of decelerations were associated with decreased wellness, namely, stress and mood for non-starters.