背景:研究表明,训练的频率,再加上大量游泳中涉及的重复运动,会使游泳者容易出现过度训练的症状。预防疼痛,在竞技游泳中,受伤和疾病是至关重要的,以最大限度地提高游泳者的训练和表现能力。预防疼痛的重要因素,受伤或疾病是培训计划中适当的负载监控和管理实践。
目的:本系统评价的目的是研究训练负荷与疼痛之间的关系,竞技游泳运动员的伤病。
方法:数据库SPORTDiscus,CINAHL,Scopus,根据PRISMA指南搜索MEDLINE和Embase。如果他们报告了竞技游泳运动员,并分析了训练负荷与疼痛之间的联系,受伤或生病。使用JoannaBriggs研究所关键评估清单评估方法学质量和研究偏倚。
结果:搜索检索到1,959篇文章,其中15个被列入审查。关键评估过程表明研究质量总体较差。疼痛是探索最多的疾病(N=12),受伤(N=2)和疾病(N=1)构成了剩余的文章。没有证据表明训练负荷和疼痛之间有关联,虽然可能有一些证据表明训练负荷与受伤或疾病之间存在关系。
结论:训练负荷与疼痛之间的关系,由于许多方法上的限制,受伤或疾病尚不清楚。审查强调,青年,在计划训练负荷时,可能需要特别考虑能力较低的大师和竞技游泳者(例如俱乐部与国际游泳者)。冬季,高强度会话和速度元素也可能需要小心编程。需要结合共识准则制定监测做法,包括内部训练负荷是优先事项。未来的研究应该集中在纵向前瞻性研究上,利用会话感知锻炼评级(sRPE)监测方法,并研究急性/慢性工作负荷比(ACWR)和指数加权移动平均(EWMA)的适用性。改进的方法和研究设计将进一步阐明负荷和疼痛之间的关系。损伤,和疾病。
BACKGROUND: Research suggests that the frequency of training, combined with the repetitive motion involved in high volume swimming can predispose swimmers to symptoms of over-training. The prevention of pain, injury and illness is of paramount importance in competitive swimming in order to maximise a swimmer\'s ability to train and perform consistently. A significant factor in the prevention of pain, injury or illness is the appropriate load monitoring and management practices within a training programme.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic
review is to investigate the relationship between training load and pain, injury and illness in competitive swimmers.
METHODS: The databases SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus, MEDLINE and Embase were searched in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they reported on competitive swimmers and analysed the link between training load and either pain, injury or illness. The methodological quality and study bias were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist.
RESULTS: The search retrieved 1,959 articles, 15 of which were included for
review. The critical appraisal process indicated study quality was poor overall. Pain was the most explored condition (N = 12), with injury (N = 2) and illness (N = 1) making up the remaining articles. There was no evidence of an association between training load and pain, while there may be some evidence to suggest a relationship between training load and injury or illness.
CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between training load and pain, injury or illness is unclear owing to a host of methodological constraints. The
review highlighted that youth, masters and competitive swimmers of a lower ability (e.g. club versus international) may need particular consideration when planning training loads. Winter periods, higher intensity sessions and speed elements may also need to be programmed with care. Monitoring practices need to be developed in conjunction with consensus guidelines, with the inclusion of internal training loads being a priority. Future research should focus on longitudinal prospective studies, utilising the session Rating of Perceived Exertion (sRPE) monitoring method and investigating the applicability of Acute/Chronic Workload Ratio (ACWR) and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA). Improved methods and study design will provide further clarity on the relationship between load and pain, injury, and illness.