萜类化合物是一类结构高度多样化的天然次生植物代谢产物,由异戊二烯单元(C-5)形成,与广泛的生物学特性有关,包括抗氧化剂,抗菌,抗炎,抗过敏,抗癌,抗转移,抗血管生成,和凋亡诱导,并考虑在食品中的潜在应用,化妆品,Pharmaceutical,和医疗行业。在植物中,萜类化合物在生长发育中发挥着多种基本功能。这篇评论给出了一个概述,强调萜类化合物的当前知识和我们对组织的理解的最新进展,regulation,以及核心和专门萜类代谢途径的多样化,并解决植物中挥发性和非挥发性专门萜类代谢产物的最重要功能。对植物衍生萜类化合物作为生物活性化合物可持续来源的不同方面的全面描述,它们的生物合成途径,归因于这些与健康促进作用相关的次级代谢物的几种生物学特性,以及它们在几个领域的潜在工业应用将被提供,以及新兴的绿色提取方法也将被讨论。此外,将强调这一框架内未来的研究前景。文献选择是利用国家医学图书馆进行的,PubMed,2010年至2024年期间的国际参考数据,使用关键词“萜类化合物”。共发现177633篇发表的论文,其中196篇原创论文和综述论文根据其科学可靠性标准被纳入本综述,其完整性,以及它们与所考虑主题的相关性。
Terpenoids are a large class of natural secondary plant metabolites which are highly diverse in structure, formed from isoprene units (C-5), associated with a wide range of biological properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, anticancer, antimetastatic, antiangiogenesis, and apoptosis induction, and are considered for potential application in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and medical industries. In plants, terpenoids exert a variety of basic functions in growth and development. This review gives an overview, highlighting the current knowledge of terpenoids and recent advances in our understanding of the organization, regulation, and diversification of core and specialized terpenoid metabolic pathways and addressing the most important functions of volatile and non-volatile specialized terpenoid metabolites in plants. A comprehensive description of different aspects of plant-derived terpenoids as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds, their biosynthetic pathway, the several biological properties attributed to these secondary metabolites associated with health-promoting effects, and their potential industrial applications in several fields will be provided, and emerging and green extraction methods will also be discussed. In addition, future research perspectives within this framework will be highlighted. Literature selection was carried out using the National Library of Medicine, PubMed, and international reference data for the period from 2010 to 2024 using the keyword \"terpenoids\". A total of 177,633 published papers were found, of which 196 original and review papers were included in this review according to the criteria of their scientific reliability, their completeness, and their relevance to the theme considered.