背景:运动诱发的支气管收缩(EIB)是精英运动员的常见问题。EIB发展的经典途径包括渗透和热理论以及气道中上皮损伤的存在,局部失水是EIB的主要诱因。本研究旨在研究全身水化对肺功能的影响,并确定其是否可以逆转脱水引起的肺功能改变。
方法:这项随访研究是在职业自行车运动员中进行的,没有哮喘和/或特应性病史。记录所有参与者的人体测量特征,并确定了训练年龄。此外,测量肺功能检查和特异性标志物,如部分呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)和免疫球蛋白E(IgE).所有运动员均接受了身体成分分析和心肺运动测试(CPET)。在CPET之后,在3号进行了肺活量测定,5th,第十,15th,30分钟这项研究分为两个阶段:水合之前和之后。骑自行车的人,与CPET之前的肺活量测定结果相比,CPET后一秒钟内强制呼气量(FEV1)减少≥10%和/或最大轻度呼气流速(MEF25-75)≥20%,在15-20天内重复测试,以下说明水合作用。
结果:一百名男性自行车手(n=100)参加了A阶段。运动后,所有肺活量测定参数均下降(p<0.001).在B阶段,水合后,在所有比较中,肺活量测定值的变化明显低于A期(p<0.001)。
结论:这项研究的结果表明,职业自行车运动员对呼吸功能没有益处。此外,我们发现全身水化对骑自行车者的肺活量测定有积极影响。特别感兴趣的是小气道,这似乎是独立的或与FEV1的降低相结合的影响。我们的数据表明,水合后肺功能可改善全身。
BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common problem in elite athletes. Classical pathways in the development of EIB include the osmotic and thermal theory as well as the presence of epithelial injury in the airway, with local water loss being the main trigger of EIB. This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic hydration on pulmonary function and to establish whether it can reverse dehydration-induced alterations in pulmonary function.
METHODS: This follow-up study was performed among professional cyclists, without a history of asthma and/or atopy. Anthropometric characteristics were recorded for all participants, and the training age was determined. In addition, pulmonary function tests and specific markers such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured. All the athletes underwent body composition analysis and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). After CPET, spirometry was followed at the 3rd, 5th, 10th, 15th, and 30th min. This study was divided into two phases: before and after hydration. Cyclists, who experienced a decrease in Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) ≥ 10% and/or Maximal Mild-Expiratory Flow Rate (MEF25-75) ≥ 20% after CPET in relation to the results of the spirometry before CPET, repeated the test in 15-20 days, following instructions for hydration.
RESULTS: One hundred male cyclists (n = 100) participated in Phase A. After exercise, there was a decrease in all spirometric parameters (p < 0.001). In Phase B, after hydration, in all comparisons, the changes in spirometric values were significantly lower than those in Phase A (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that professional cyclists have non-beneficial effects on respiratory function. Additionally, we found that systemic hydration has a positive effect on spirometry in cyclists. Of particular interest are small airways, which appear to be affected independently or in combination with the decrease in FEV1. Our data suggest that pulmonary function improves systemic after hydration.