背景:作为2011年福岛第一核电站事故后净化过程的一部分,将有132万吨含氚的水从发电厂排入太平洋。尽管据报道处理过的水排放对公众和环境的放射性生物学影响很小,Tomioka和Okuma当地人对其城镇的长期恢复表示不安,在经济上依赖于农业,渔业,和旅游部门。这项研究提出了一些想法,Tomioka和Okuma当地人对向太平洋排放经过FDNPP处理的含氚水,以促进尊重当地利益相关者利益的更具包容性的决策过程的看法和关切。
方法:于2022年11月至12月进行,调查已邮寄给在市议会登记的20岁或以上的现有居民和疏散人员。
结果:在1268个回答中,71.5%来自>65岁的人群。65.6%失业,76.2%的人经常去医院,85.5%的人没有和孩子住在一起。61%的人不想回到Okuma/Tomioka。对辐射相关健康影响的焦虑(38.7%),食用Okuma/Tomioka生产的食物(48.0%)和遗传影响(45.3%)较低。>50%的人报告身体和心理健康状况不佳。40%是可接受的,31.4%的人不确定,29.7%的人反对出院计划。多项回归分析表明,与接受响应者相比,反对的人更有可能是女性,失业,并对辐射相关的遗传效应和不良的心理健康感到焦虑。不确定的反应者同样更有可能是女性,对辐射相关的遗传效应感到焦虑,精神健康状况不佳。
结论:当地人的心理健康很差,与高度的风险认知和对失去与出院计划相关的经济机会的焦虑有关,必须解决。30年的放电过程可能会阻碍当地工业,并由于消费者之间的虚假谣言而阻碍灾后社会经济的恢复。这些结果凸显了居民积极参与城镇恢复过程以解决当地问题的必要性。重点应该是将透明的科学与恢复的人的方面以及强调当地利益相关者和专家之间对话的叙述进行明智的结合,以使当地人和公众能够就其保护和未来做出明智的决定。
As a part of the decontamination process after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident of 2011, 1.32 million tonnes of
tritium-containing water will be discharged from the power plant into the Pacific Ocean. Although radiobiological impacts of the treated water discharge on the public and the environment were reported to be minimal, Tomioka and Okuma locals expressed unease regarding the long-term recovery of their towns, which are economically dependent on the agricultural, fishery, and tourism sectors. This study presents thoughts, perceptions and concerns of Tomioka and Okuma locals regarding the discharge of FDNPP-treated water containing
tritium into the Pacific Ocean to facilitate a more inclusive decision-making process that respects local stakeholder interests.
Conducted from November to December 2022, surveys were mailed to current residents and evacuees aged 20 years or older registered with the town councils.
Out of 1268 included responses, 71.5% were from those > 65 years. 65.6% were unemployed, 76.2% routinely visited hospitals, and 85.5% did not live with children. 61% did not want to return to Okuma/Tomioka. Anxiety about radiation-related health effects (38.7%), consuming food produced in Okuma/Tomioka (48.0%) and genetic effects (45.3%) were low. >50% reported poor physical and mental health. 40% were acceptive, 31.4% were unsure, and 29.7% objected to the discharge plans. Multinomial regression analysis revealed that, compared to acceptive responders, those who objected were more likely to be female, unemployed, and have anxiety about radiation-related genetic effects and poor mental health. Unsure responders were similarly more likely to be female, anxious about radiation-related genetic effects and have poor mental health.
The poor mental health of the locals, connected to high levels of risk perception and anxiety about the loss of economic opportunities related to the discharge plans, must be addressed. The 30-year discharge process could handicap local industries and hamper post-disaster socioeconomic recovery due to the circulation of false rumours among consumers. These results highlight the need to actively involve residents in the towns\' recovery process to address local concerns. The focus should be on the judicious combination of transparent science with the human aspect of recovery and narratives highlighting dialogues between local stakeholders and experts to enable the locals and the general public to make informed decisions about their protection and future.