背景:在运动员倦怠的认知-情感模型中,焦虑是对压力的关键生理反应,影响运动员倦怠的发展。尽管它很重要,关于竞争焦虑和运动员倦怠之间关系的研究很少,特别是在调解机制方面。本研究旨在探讨竞技焦虑与运动员职业倦怠的关系。从自决理论出发,重点研究了一般需要满足的中介作用。
方法:本研究采用横断面设计,涉及618名大学运动员(354名女性,平均年龄20.57岁),包括个人运动的303名参与者和团队运动的315名参与者。这些参与者完成了运动焦虑量表-2(SAS-2),运动员倦怠问卷(ABQ)和一般基本心理需求满意度量表(BPNSS-G)在线。随后,相关性,回归,使用SPSS和JASP进行中介分析,以检查变量之间的关系。
结果:回归结果表明,竞技焦虑中的躯体焦虑(β=0.116,t=2.21,p=0.028)和注意力中断(β=0.259,t=5.35,p<0.001)与运动员倦怠呈正相关。竞争性焦虑中的担忧与能力(β=-0.149,t=-2.70,p=0.007)和自主性(β=-0.179,t=-3.25,p=0.001)呈负相关。此外,回归结果发现,能力(β=-0.178,t=-3.39,p=0.001)和自主性(β=-0.208,t=-4.17,p<0.001)与运动员倦怠呈负相关。中介分析显示,躯体焦虑(效应=0.116,p=0.026)与注意力中断(效应=0.259,p<0.001)和运动员倦怠之间的关系具有显着的直接影响。在间接影响中,担心(效应=0.071,p=0.002)以及浓度中断(效应=0.082,p<0.001)对运动员倦怠有显著影响,分别。
结论:总体而言,目前的研究发现,躯体焦虑和注意力不集中的竞争焦虑与运动员倦怠有关。此外,需要满足的能力和自主性介导了竞争焦虑(担忧和注意力中断)与运动员倦怠之间的关系。这项研究的发现不仅进一步阐明了竞技焦虑与运动员倦怠之间的关系,而且为这种关系的中介机制提供了理论见解。
BACKGROUND: In the cognitive-affective model of athlete burnout, anxiety is a key physiological response to stress that influences the development of burnout in athletes. Despite its importance, there has been little research on the relationship between competitive anxiety and athlete burnout, particularly regarding the mediating mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the relationship between competitive anxiety and athlete burnout, with a focus on the mediating role of general need satisfaction from self-determination theory.
METHODS: The current study employed a cross-sectional design involving 618 college athletes (354 females, mean age 20.57 years), comprising 303 participants in individual sports and 315 in team sports. These participants completed the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ), and the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale in General (BPNSS-G) online. Subsequently, correlation, regression, and mediation analyses were conducted using SPSS and JASP to examine the relationships between the variables.
RESULTS: Regression results indicated that somatic anxiety (beta = 0.116, t = 2.21, p = 0.028) and concentration disruption (beta = 0.259, t = 5.35, p < 0.001) in competitive anxiety were positively correlated with athlete burnout. Worry in competitive anxiety was negatively correlated with competence (beta =-0.149, t=-2.70, p = 0.007) and autonomy (beta =-0.179, t=-3.25, p = 0.001) in needs satisfaction. Additionally, the regression results found that competence (beta =-0.178, t=-3.39, p = 0.001) and Autonomy (beta =-0.208, t=-4.17, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with athlete burnout. Mediation analyses revealed significant direct effects in the relationship between somatic anxiety (Effect = 0.116, p = 0.026) along with concentration disruption (Effect = 0.259, p < 0.001) and athlete burnout. In the indirect effect, worry (Effect = 0.071, p = 0.002) as well as concentration disruption (Effect = 0.082, p < 0.001) had significant effects in relation to athlete burnout, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the current study found that somatic anxiety and concentration disruption in competitive anxiety are related to athlete burnout. Moreover, competence and autonomy in need satisfaction mediated the relationship between competitive anxiety (worry and concentration disruption) and athlete burnout. The findings of this study not only shed further light on the relationship between competitive anxiety and athlete burnout but also provide theoretical insights into the mediating mechanisms of this relationship.