地球上气候变化的不可预测的变化与频繁的极端高温事件影响全球作物产量有关。小麦是经济和营养上重要的作物,可满足全球粮食需求,温度每升高1度导致其产量减少约6%。因此,了解气候变化的影响,特别是对全球小麦生产的终末热胁迫,对决策者来说变得至关重要,作物育种者,研究人员和科学家确保全球粮食安全。这篇综述描述了小麦如何感知热胁迫并通过其形态生理,物候,分子,和生化化妆。作物附近的温度高于阈值水平会导致不可逆转的伤害,viz.破坏细胞膜和酶,活性氧的产生,氧化还原不平衡,等。为了应对这些变化,小麦激活其耐热机制,其特征是囤积可溶性碳水化合物,信号分子,和耐热性基因表达。容易受到热应力的影响,毫不拖延地增加小麦产量,寻求减轻有害影响的战略,并激发其可持续发展的方法。因此,为了确保作物抵御压力和增加粮食需求的能力,本文限制了综合管理方法,以提高小麦的性能和适应能力,并减轻了随着气候变化预期温度升高的风险。面对温度上升的风险,实施这些综合战略将有助于我们生产可持续的小麦,并提高产量。
Unpredicted variability in climate change on the planet is associated with frequent extreme high-temperature events impacting crop yield globally.
Wheat is an economically and nutritionally important crop that fulfils global food requirements and each degree rise in temperature results in ∼6% of its yield reduction. Thus, understanding the impact of climate change, especially the terminal heat stress on global
wheat production, becomes critically important for policymakers, crop breeders, researchers and scientists to ensure global food security. This
review describes how
wheat perceives heat stress and induces stress adaptation events by its morpho-physiological, phenological, molecular, and biochemical makeup. Temperature above a threshold level in crop vicinity leads to irreversible injuries, viz. destruction of cellular membranes and enzymes, generation of active oxygen species, redox imbalance, etc. To cope with these changes,
wheat activates its heat tolerance mechanisms characterized by hoarding up soluble carbohydrates, signalling molecules, and heat tolerance gene expressions. Being vulnerable to heat stress, increasing
wheat production without delay seeks strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects and provoke the methods for its sustainable development. Thus, to ensure the crop\'s resilience to stress and increasing food demand, this article circumscribes the integrated management approaches to enhance wheat\'s performance and adaptive capacity besides its alleviating risks of increasing temperature anticipated with climate change. Implementing these integrated strategies in the face of risks from rising temperatures will assist us in producing sustainable wheat with improved yield.