PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Agronomic biofortification of wheat grain with zinc can improve the condition of about one billion people suffering from zinc (Zn) deficiency. However, with the challenge of cultivating high-yielding wheat varieties in Zn-deficient soils and the global need to produce higher-quality food that nourishes the growing population, innovation in the strategies to deliver Zn directly to plants will come into play. Consequently, existing foliar formulations will need further refinement to maintain the high agronomic productivity required in competitive global grain markets while meeting the dietary Zn intake levels recommended for humans. A new generation of foliar fertilisers that increase the amount of Zn assimilated in wheat plants and the translocation efficiency of Zn from leaves to grains can be a promising solution. Research on the efficacy of adjuvants and emerging nano-transporters relative to conventional Zn forms applied as foliar fertilisers to wheat has expanded rapidly in recent years. This review scopes the range of evidence available in the literature regarding the biofortification of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) resulting from foliar applications of conventional Zn forms, Zn nanoparticles and novel Zn-foliar formulations. We examine the foliar application strategies and the attained final concentration of grain Zn. We propose a conceptual model for the response of grain Zn biofortification of wheat to foliar Zn application rates. This review discusses some physiological aspects of transportation of foliarly applied Zn that need further investigation. Finally, we explore the prospects of engineering foliar nano-formulations that could effectively overcome the physicochemical barrier to delivering Zn to wheat grains.
摘要：
用锌对小麦籽粒进行农艺生物强化可以改善约10亿人锌（Zn）缺乏症的状况。然而,随着在缺锌土壤中培育高产小麦品种的挑战以及全球需要生产更高质量的食物来滋养不断增长的人口，将锌直接输送到植物的战略创新将发挥作用。因此,现有的叶面配方将需要进一步改进，以保持竞争激烈的全球谷物市场所需的高农艺生产率，同时满足推荐给人类的膳食锌摄入量。新一代叶面肥可增加小麦植物中同化的Zn量以及Zn从叶子到谷物的转运效率，这可能是一个有前途的解决方案。近年来，有关佐剂和新兴纳米转运蛋白相对于用作小麦叶面肥的常规Zn形式的功效的研究迅速发展。这篇综述涵盖了文献中有关常规Zn形式的叶面施用导致的面包小麦（TriticumaestivumL.）生物强化的证据范围。锌纳米颗粒和新型锌叶面制剂。我们研究了叶面施用策略和达到的谷物锌的最终浓度。我们提出了一个概念模型，用于小麦谷物锌生物强化对叶面锌施用量的响应。这篇综述讨论了叶面应用锌运输的一些生理方面，需要进一步研究。最后,我们探索了工程化叶面纳米配方的前景，该配方可以有效地克服将锌输送到小麦籽粒的物理化学障碍。
