背景:多种健康风险行为,如缺乏体力活动,过多的娱乐屏幕时间,睡眠不足与青少年对地中海饮食的依从性差独立且呈正相关。然而,关于24小时运动指南(即,身体活动,屏幕时间,和睡眠持续时间)和坚持地中海饮食。
目的:本研究的目的是检查符合所有三个24小时运动指南的青少年是否更坚持地中海饮食,以及包含它的不同食物,与那些不符合这三个建议的人相比。
方法:在这项横断面研究中,1391名西班牙青少年(13.08±0.85,女孩占44.82%),年龄11-16岁,完成了关于身体活动的自我报告问卷,娱乐屏幕时间,睡眠持续时间和坚持地中海饮食。使用二元逻辑回归分析来预测对地中海饮食的最佳依从性的可能性,以及不同的食物,根据三个24小时运动指南的会议。包括的协变量是年龄,性别,社会经济地位,和体重指数(z评分)。
结果:符合所有三个24小时运动指南的青少年对地中海饮食的依从性高于未符合三个建议的青少年(β=1.33,95%置信区间[CI]:0.81,1.85,p<0.001)。此外,那些符合所有三个24小时运动指南的人更有可能每天吃一次水果和蔬菜,经常吃鱼,早餐吃谷物或谷物(所有,p<0.05),并且不太可能在早餐时食用商业烘焙食品或糕点,每天吃几次糖果和糖果(所有,p<0.001),与那些不遵守三个24小时运动指南的人相比。
结论:由于满足三个24小时运动指南似乎与青少年的地中海饮食饮食模式有关,似乎有必要从生命的早期阶段促进这些运动行为。
Multiple health-risk behaviours such as physical inactivity, excessive recreational screen time, and insufficient sleep have been independently and positively associated with poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet in adolescents. However, little is known about the combined association between 24-Hour
Movement Guidelines (i.e., physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
The aim of the present study was to examine whether adolescents who meet all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines report greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and the different foods that comprise it, compared to those who do not meet the three recommendations.
In this cross-sectional study, 1391 Spanish adolescents (13.08 ± 0.85, 44.82% girls), aged 11-16 years, completed self-reported questionnaires on physical activity, recreational screen time, sleep duration and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to predict the likelihood of having an optimal adherence to the Mediterranean diet, as well as different food items, according to the meeting of the three 24-Hour Movement
Guidelines. Covariates included were age, sex, socioeconomic status, and body mass index (z-score).
Adolescents who met all three 24-Hour
Movement Guidelines obtained higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet than those who did not meet with the three recommendations (β = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81, 1.85, p < 0.001). In addition, those who met all three 24-Hour
Movement Guidelines were more likely to consume a fruit and vegetables once a day, consume fish regularly, and eat cereal or grains for breakfast (all, p < 0.05), and less likely to consume commercially baked goods or pastries for breakfast and to eat sweets and candies several times a day (all, p < 0.001), compared to those who did not comply with the three 24-Hour Movement
Guidelines.
Since meeting the three 24-Hour
Movement Guidelines seems to be associated with Mediterranean diet eating patterns in adolescents, it seems necessary to promote these movement behaviours from the early stages of life.