抗菌素耐药性是一个复杂的单一健康问题,存在于人类和兽医学中。为了缓解这个日益严重的问题,已经努力制定跨部门的适当抗菌药物使用指南(AMU)。在兽医学中,在次要物种中,适当的AMU存在明显的文献空白。我们进行了一项涵盖2006年7月至2021年7月的结构化叙事审查,以寻找针对外来常见细菌感染的抗菌治疗方法(鸟类,啮齿动物,爬行动物,和其他),小羊群(鸡,火鸡,和其他家禽),和后院小反刍动物(绵羊和山羊)物种。我们共检索到4728篇文章,其中21篇文章符合我们审查的标准。研究按物种分组,综合征,和身体系统受到影响。提取的其他数据包括细菌病原体,治疗(活性成分),和地理起源。报告的身体系统包括:口腔内(n=4),胃肠(n=1),呼吸(n=2),生殖(n=1),皮肤(n=3),听觉(n=1),眼(n=4),和其他/多系统(n=5)。按物种,我们的搜索结果是:兔子(n=5),大鼠(n=2),豚鼠(n=1),栗鼠(n=1),豚鼠和栗鼠(n=1),鸟类(n=1),psittacine鸟(n=2),loris和lorikeets(n=1),海龟(n=2),蜥蜴(n=1),山羊(n=2)和绵羊(n=2)。我们的研究结果发现,在这些物种中常见的细菌条件下,一致的抗微生物治疗信息存在明显的差距。有一个持续的临床试验,专注于抗菌治疗,以加强在异国情调的AMU的证据基础,小羊群,和后院小反刍动物物种。
Antimicrobial resistance is a complex One Health issue that exists in both human and veterinary medicine. To mitigate this ever-growing problem, efforts have been made to develop guidelines for appropriate antimicrobial use (AMU) across sectors. In veterinary medicine, there are notable literature gaps for proper AMU in minor species. We conducted a structured narrative
review covering the years of July 2006 - July 2021 to find antimicrobial treatments for common bacterial infections in exotic (birds, rodents, reptiles, and others), small flock (chickens, turkeys, and other fowl), and backyard small ruminant (sheep and goats) species. We retrieved a total of 4728 articles, of which 21 articles met the criteria for our
review. Studies were grouped according to species, syndrome, and body system affected. Other data extracted included the bacterial pathogen(s), treatment (active ingredient), and geographical origin. Body systems reported included: intra-oral (n = 4), gastrointestinal (n = 1), respiratory (n = 2), reproductive (n = 1), skin (n = 3), aural (n = 1), ocular (n = 4), and other/multisystem (n = 5). By species, our search resulted in: rabbit (n = 5), rat (n = 2), guinea pig (n = 1), chinchilla (n = 1), guinea pig and chinchilla (n = 1), avian species (n = 1), psittacine birds (n = 2), loris and lorikeets (n = 1), turtles (n = 2), lizards (n = 1), goats (n = 2) and sheep (n = 2). The results of our findings identified a distinct gap in consistent antimicrobial treatment information for commonly encountered bacterial conditions within these species. There is a persisting need for clinical trials that focus on antibacterial treatment to strengthen the evidence base for AMU within exotic, small flock, and backyard small ruminant species.