弯曲杆菌病是北美最常见的人畜共患疾病之一。与人类相反,由弯曲杆菌引起的动物感染。通常无症状。在这项研究中,通过加拿大乳制品网络抗菌药物管理监测系统收集的数据用于确定弯曲杆菌属的比例。和从奶牛群中回收的抗菌素抗性分离株。此外,抗菌素使用(AMU)与粪便携带和弯曲杆菌属的抗菌素耐药性(AMR)的关系。被调查了。来自每个生产阶段的5只动物的粪便样本(断奶前的小牛,断奶后的小母牛,泌乳奶牛),并从加拿大的140个奶牛群中收集了粪便储存样本。使用选择性培养基培养样品,使用基质辅助激光解吸/电离-飞行时间质谱法鉴定弯曲杆菌分离株。使用最低抑菌浓度试验确定抗菌药物的敏感性,并根据临床和实验室标准研究所进行解释。使用两个多水平逻辑回归模型来研究AMU与弯曲杆菌的分离和耐药性之间的关系。560个样本中,63.8%的弯曲杆菌阳性。,96%的参与农场至少有一个样本来源(即,小牛,小母牛,泌乳奶牛,或粪便储存)对弯曲杆菌属呈阳性。总的来说,54.3%的弯曲杆菌属。分离株对至少一种抗菌药物耐药。在49.7%的弯曲杆菌属中观察到对四环素的抗性。隔离物,其次是环丙沙星(19.9%)和萘啶酸(19.3%)。多重耐药(≥3种抗菌类别)弯曲杆菌属的比例。分离株较低(0.3%);然而,15.6%对两种不同类别的抗微生物剂具有抗性。从泌乳奶牛收集的样本,小母牛,和粪肥储存更有可能对弯曲杆菌呈阳性。与小牛相比。总AMU与恢复弯曲杆菌的可能性降低有关。此外,四环素或环丙沙星的AMR与抗菌药物的使用有相互作用。总AMU(确定疗程剂量/100动物年)每增加一个单位,对四环素耐药的可能性就会增加,而环丙沙星耐药的概率下降。与空肠弯曲杆菌相比,弯曲杆菌分离株对环丙沙星和四环素更有可能耐药。我们的研究表明,弯曲杆菌属。在加拿大的奶牛场中很普遍,发现对四环素耐药比例较高。总AMU与弯曲杆菌对四环素的抗性增加有关。隔离;然而,对于环丙沙星,AMU与耐药性降低相关.
Campylobacteriosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in North America. As opposed to humans, animal infections caused by Campylobacter spp. are often asymptomatic. In this
study, data collected through the Canadian Dairy Network for Antimicrobial Stewardship surveillance system were used to determine the proportion of Campylobacter spp. and antimicrobial resistant isolates recovered from dairy cattle herds. Additionally, the association of antimicrobial use (AMU) with fecal carriage and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Campylobacter spp. were investigated. Pooled fecal samples from 5 animals from each production phase (pre-weaned calves, post-weaned heifers, lactating cows), and a manure storage sample were collected from 140 dairy herds across Canada. Samples were cultured using selective media, and Campylobacter isolates were speciated using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration test, and interpretation was made according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Two multilevel logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between the AMU with the isolation and antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. Of 560 samples, 63.8% were positive for Campylobacter spp., and 96% of the participating farms had at least one sample source (i.e., calves, heifers, lactating cows, or manure storage) positive for Campylobacter spp. Overall, 54.3% of the Campylobacter spp. isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. Resistance to tetracycline was observed in 49.7% of the Campylobacter spp. isolates, followed by ciprofloxacin (19.9%) and nalidixic acid (19.3%). The proportion of multi-drug resistant (≥3 antimicrobial classes) Campylobacter spp. isolates was low (0.3%); however, 15.6% were resistant to two different classes of antimicrobials. Samples collected from lactating cows, heifers, and manure storage were more likely to be positive for Campylobacter spp. compared to calves. Total AMU was associated with a decreased probability of recovering Campylobacter spp. In addition, AMR to either tetracycline or ciprofloxacin had an interaction with antimicrobial use. The probability of resistance to tetracycline increased for each unit increase in the total AMU (Defined Course Dose/100 animal-years), while the probability of resistance to ciprofloxacin decreased. Campylobacter coli isolates were more likely to be resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline when compared to C. jejuni. Our
study demonstrated that Campylobacter spp. is widespread among Canadian dairy farms, and a higher proportion of resistance to tetracycline was identified. The total AMU was associated with increased resistance to tetracycline in Campylobacter spp. isolates; however, for ciprofloxacin the AMU was associated with decreased resistance.