Pediatric Nursing

儿科护理
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:开发PiccPed®健康应用程序以支持外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)管理中的临床决策。我们旨在评估其对预防儿科和新生儿科PICC相关不良事件的护士知识的影响。
    方法:准实验,干预前研究,与来自巴西南部两家三级医院的儿科和新生儿护士的依赖/配对样本进行。数据收集时间为2022年10月至2023年1月,分为三个阶段:预,干预(使用PiccPed®)和后期测试。研究结果是一项基于证据的PICC维护程序的知识测试(15个问题),和PiccPed®应用程序花费的时间和使用的屏幕。
    结果:共有56名护士完成了这项研究。与预测试(平均值9/15;SD2.2)相比,测试后的平均值显着更高(12/15;标准偏差(SD)1.9)。没有研究生学历的护士分数变化明显较高,与(平均差1.26;p=0.039)相比。使用app的每分钟导致平均测试后评分(10.94分)上0.04分(95%置信区间0.01-0.08;p=0.014)的显着增加。
    结论:研究表明,PiccPed®提高了护士对预防儿科和新生儿科PICC维护相关不良事件的认识。
    结论:该应用程序可以安全有效地用于护理患有PICC的儿童和新生儿的护士的培训和继续教育。
    BACKGROUND: The PiccPed® health application was developed to support clinical decision-making in peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) management. We aimed to evaluate its impact on nurses\' knowledge regarding the prevention of PICC-associated adverse events in pediatrics and neonatology.
    METHODS: A quasi-experimental, pre-post intervention study, was conducted with a dependent/paired sample of pediatric and neonatal nurses from two tertiary hospitals in South Brazil. Data were collected from October 2022 to January 2023 across three phases: pre-, intervention (use of the PiccPed®) and post-test. Study outcomes were a knowledge test (15 questions) of evidence-based PICC maintenance procedures, and PiccPed® app time spent and screens used.
    RESULTS: A total of 56 nurses completed the study. The post-test mean score was significantly higher (12/15; standard deviation (SD) 1.9) in comparison with the pre-test (mean 9/15; SD 2.2). The change in scores was significantly higher for nurses without postgraduate qualifications, in comparison to those with (Mean Difference 1.26; p = 0.039). Each minute using the app resulted in a significant increase of 0.04 points (95% confidence interval 0.01-0.08; p = 0.014) on the mean post-test score (10.94 points).
    CONCLUSIONS: The research demonstrated that PiccPed® enhances nurses\' learning regarding the prevention of adverse events associated with PICC maintenance in pediatrics and neonatology.
    CONCLUSIONS: The app can be safely and effectively used for training and continuing education of nurses who care for children and neonates with PICCs.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:英国的学生护士进行特定领域的注册前教育。护理和助产理事会(2018)的实施未来护士:注册护士的熟练程度标准,这引起了人们的担忧,即注册前计划的日益普遍的组成部分没有为新的合格儿童护士做好充分的准备,以安全地照顾儿童。
    目的:探讨英国护理和助产理事会标准的引入如何影响预注册儿童护理计划的结构和领域具体内容。
    方法:由54个项目完成的在线调查,字段,或与76个预注册儿童护理计划相关的专业线索。这代表了80%的高等教育机构,护理和助产理事会批准了英国所有四个国家的预注册儿童护理计划。
    方法:一项调查,以捕获自引入护理和助产理事会(2018年)未来护士标准以来课程的当前内容和变化。调查包括封闭式和开放式问题。使用SPSSv.28forWindows对封闭式问题进行统计分析。使用Quircosv.2.1对开放式问题进行了主题分析。
    结果:50%的受访者报告了理论内容的变化。在27个节目(35.5%)中,针对儿童的内容有所减少。儿童专用教学方法占所有课程内容的不到30%,而跨领域教学方法(成人,心理健康,学习残疾和儿童学习者在一起)占授课内容的70%以上。对定性数据的分析确定了三个主题:以泛化为重点,达到标准\'熟练程度的挑战,和稀释儿童的特定内容。
    结论:调查答复显示,英国高等教育机构对护理和助产理事会标准的解释存在差异,突出了学术界对全国注册前儿童护士教育中日益增长的普遍性的担忧。这些发现将为项目的下一阶段提供信息,比较不同程度的普遍性对新合格的儿童护士计划结果的影响。
    BACKGROUND: Student nurses in the United Kingdom undertake field-specific pre-registration education. The implementation of the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2018) Future nurse: Standards of proficiency for registered nurses, has raised concerns that the increasingly generic component of pre-registration programmes is not adequately preparing newly qualified children\'s nurses to care for children safely.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate how the introduction of the Nursing and Midwifery Council standards in the United Kingdom has impacted the structure and field specific content of pre-registration children\'s nursing programmes.
    METHODS: An online survey completed by 54 programmes, field, or professional leads linked to 76 pre-registration children\'s nursing programmes. This represents 80 % of higher education institutions with Nursing and Midwifery Council approved pre-registration children\'s nursing programmes across all four United Kingdom countries.
    METHODS: A survey to capture the current content and changes to curricula since the introduction of the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2018) Future nurse standards. The survey included closed-ended and open-ended questions. Closed-ended questions were statistically analysed using SPSS v.28 for Windows. Open-ended questions were thematically analysed using Quircos v.2.1.
    RESULTS: 50 % of respondents reported changes to theoretical content. In 27 programmes (35.5 %) there was a decrease in child-specific content. Child specific teaching methods accounted for less than 30 % of the content of all programmes whereas cross-field teaching methods (Adult, Mental Health, Learning Disability and Child learners together) accounted for over 70 % of the taught content. Analysis of qualitative data identified three themes: genericism as the focus, the challenge to achieve the standards\' proficiencies, and dilution of child specific content.
    CONCLUSIONS: The survey responses show disparities in how United Kingdom higher education institutions have interpreted the Nursing and Midwifery Council standards highlighting academics concerns on the growing genericism within pre-registration children\'s nurse education nationally. These findings will inform the next stage of the project comparing the impact of greater or lesser degrees of genericism on the outcomes of the programme for newly qualified children\'s nurses.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:本研究旨在探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)早产代际照顾者出院准备的真实体验和需求,为护理人员制定系统性、个性化的早产健康教育计划和延续护理计划提供依据。
    方法:这是一项描述性的定性研究。采用客观抽样法,选取2023年12月至2024年2月浙江、吉林两省三级妇产科医院NICU收治的16名早产儿代际照顾者。在早产儿出院当天和出院后六周进行半结构化访谈。采用Colaizzi的七步分析方法对访谈数据进行分析。
    结果:基于存在,亲缘关系,和增长(ERG)理论,NICU新生儿代际照顾者的出院准备经验和需求被总结为三个主题:心理状况,护理能力状况,需要多方支持。
    结论:在出院准备过程中,NICU中早产儿的代际照顾者有多种需求,包括提高护理能力,获得心理和多方支持。采取有效的干预措施有助于提高他们的出院准备。
    结论:护理人员应制定个性化出院健康教育计划和延续护理计划,提高出院准备水平。
    没有患者或公众捐款。
    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the real experiences and needs of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) preterm intergenerational caregivers for discharge preparation and provide a basis for nursing staff to formulate systemic and personalized health education plans and continuous nursing plans for preterm discharge.
    METHODS: This was a descriptive qualitative study. An objective sampling method was used to select 16 intergenerational caregivers of preterm infants admitted to the NICU of tertiary obstetrics and gynecology hospitals in Zhejiang and Jilin provinces from December 2023 to February 2024. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on the day of discharge of the preterm infants and six weeks after discharge. Colaizzi\'s seven-step analysis method was used to analyze the interview data.
    RESULTS: Based on the existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG) theory, the discharge preparation experiences and needs of neonatal intergenerational caregivers in the NICU were summarized into three themes: psychological condition, care capacity condition, and multi-party support needs.
    CONCLUSIONS: In the process of hospital discharge preparation, intergenerational caregivers of premature infants in NICU have multiple needs, including enhancing nursing ability and obtaining psychological and multi-party support. It is helpful to take effective interventions to improve their readiness for discharge.
    CONCLUSIONS: The nursing staff should develop personalized discharge health education plans and continuous nursing plans to improve the level of discharge preparation.
    UNASSIGNED: There were no patient or public contributions.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:在加拿大,不列颠哥伦比亚省护士和助产士学院要求学士学位注册护士教育计划,以提供通才课程会议入门级能力。为了满足这一要求,护理计划确保通过实习为所有年龄段的患者提供实践经验的实践机会。目前的文献表明,在儿科环境中临床安置机会的可用性有限。这可能会减少护理学生熟悉婴儿独特需求的机会,孩子们,和青少年作为他们护理教育的一部分。
    目的:本研究旨在探索学生和新毕业生在急性和社区儿科临床实习中的经验,作为其不列颠哥伦比亚省护理教育计划的一部分。
    本研究采用了定性描述方法。对13名护理本科生和2名应届毕业生进行了15次在线半结构化访谈。这项研究的参与者分布在不列颠哥伦比亚省,代表北方,内部,和较低的大陆。采用专题分析法对数据进行分析。
    结果:详细探讨了关系实践和接触生活经验(及其相关子主题)的关键主题。这两个主题都包含了护理学生将儿科实习经验作为护理教育的一部分的重要性。
    结论:这项研究的结果推断,儿科实习经验为护理学生提供了他们在其他地方可能无法获得的学习机会,例如:与儿童建立关系,青少年,和他们的家人在护理的背景下,提高对每个患者遇到的健康和疾病的生活经历的认识。护理学生的这种独特观点可能对护理教育计划中的临床学习的计划和交付很有价值。
    BACKGROUND: In Canada, the British Columbia College of Nurses and Midwives requires baccalaureate registered nurse education programs to deliver a generalist curriculum meeting entry-level competencies. To fulfill this requirement, nursing programs ensure the provision of practice opportunities for hands-on experience with patients of all ages through practicum. Current literature suggests the limited availability of clinical placement opportunities in pediatric settings. This may reduce the opportunity for nursing students to become acquainted with the unique needs of infants, children, and adolescents as part of their nursing education.
    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore students\' and new graduates\' experiences of acute and community pediatric clinical practicum as part of their British Columbia nursing education program.
    UNASSIGNED: This study utilized a qualitative descriptive approach. Fifteen online semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen undergraduate nursing students and two recent graduates. Participants in this study were distributed across the province of British Columbia, representing the North, the Interior, and the Lower Mainland. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
    RESULTS: The key themes of relational practice and exposure to lived experiences (and their related subthemes) are explored in detail. Both themes encapsulate the importance that nursing students ascribe to the pediatric practicum experience as part of their nursing education.
    CONCLUSIONS: The result of this study deduced that the pediatric practicum experience provided nursing students with learning opportunities they may not get elsewhere such as: building relationships with children, adolescents, and their families within the context of care and developing awareness of the lived experiences of health and illness with each patient encounters. This unique perspective of nursing students may prove valuable for the planning and delivery of clinical learning in nursing education programs.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:儿童免疫接种已被证明是促进公共卫生和防止儿童因疾病死亡的最有益的干预措施之一。然而,由于监护人对免疫接种越来越犹豫,全球儿童免疫接种的覆盖率在全世界范围内下降。这项研究旨在描述专科护士如何促进法定监护人遵守国家儿童免疫计划。
    方法:本研究采用定性设计。对11名专科护士进行半结构化访谈,他们是儿科初级保健护士或执业护士,进行了。使用定性内容分析对数据进行分析。
    结果:调查结果,有四个主要类别,包括四个子类别,显示护士使用地方指南和国家指南来促进监护人遵守儿童免疫计划。护士为促进儿童免疫覆盖率所做的主要干预措施是向法定监护人提供有关该计划的一般信息。有犹豫不决的监护人,对法定监护人采取以人为本的方法可以提高依从性。
    结论:进一步的研究应集中在专科护士如何应对监护人拒绝为其子女免疫接种的问题上,因为这项研究发现了这方面的困难。此外,关于监护人对儿童免疫接种的观点的研究也可能有助于就如何促进儿童免疫接种提供进一步有效的指导。
    OBJECTIVE: Childhood immunizations have proven to be one of the most beneficial interventions to promote public health and prevent childhood deaths due to disease. However, global coverage of childhood immunization has decreased throughout the world due to guardians\' growing hesitancy towards immunizations. This study aims to describe how specialist nurses promote legal guardians to adhere to national childhood immunization programmes.
    METHODS: This study had a qualitative design. Semistructured interviews with 11 specialist nurses, who were paediatric primary care nurses or nurse practitioners, were conducted. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.
    RESULTS: The findings, with four main categories including four subcategories, showed nurses using both local guidelines and national guidelines to promote guardians to adhere to the childhood immunization programme. The main intervention the nurses did to promote childhood immunization coverage was giving legal guardians general information about the programme. With hesitant guardians, adopting a person-centred approach towards the legal guardian improved adherence.
    CONCLUSIONS: Further research should focus on how specialist nurses can respond to guardians who decline immunization for their children, as this study identified difficulties in this area. Furthermore, research on guardians\' perspectives towards childhood immunization may also help generate further effective guidance on how to promote immunization coverage among children.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    人们越来越认识到护理领导在医疗保健中的关键作用。将基于优势的方法整合到护理教育中,可以实现积极的学习环境,并使护士成为促进患者及其家人康复和福祉的领导者。本文介绍了将基于优势的护理和医疗保健(SBNH)和基于优势的护理和医疗保健领导力(SBNH-L)整合到开发中的努力,加纳儿科护理研究生课程的实施和评估。在加纳对该计划的评估中,出现了与基于优势的护理相关的三个主题:教与学的转变,对与同事关系的影响以及对与患者关系的影响。
    There is growing recognition of the critical role nursing leadership plays in healthcare. Integrating strengths-based approaches into nursing education enables positive learning settings and empowers nurses as leaders who foster healing and well-being for patients and their families. This paper describes an effort to integrate Strengths-Based Nursing and Healthcare (SBNH) and Strengths-Based Nursing and Healthcare Leadership (SBNH-L) into the development, implementation and evaluation of a postgraduate pediatric nursing program in Ghana. In the evaluation of the program in Ghana, three themes emerged related to strengths-based nursing: transformation of teaching and learning, impact on relationships with colleagues and impact on relationships with patients.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:本研究旨在探讨培训对儿科护士对人工智能和机器人护士知识和态度水平的影响。
    方法:在本研究中,使用单组试验前后准实验设计。数据是从位于土耳其西部的培训和研究医院的儿科护士那里收集的。43名儿科护士参与了这项研究。研究数据是使用“儿科护士描述性特征表”收集的,“人工智能知识表单”,和“人工智能一般态度量表”。
    结果:之前从人工智能知识表获得的参与儿科护士的平均得分,训练后和训练后一个月分别为41.16±14.95、68.25±13.57和69.06±13.19。他们在训练前后从人工智能一般态度量表的“对人工智能态度”子量表中获得的平均得分分别为3.43±0.54和3.59±0.60,而他们从对人工智能态度的“消极态度”子量表中获得的平均得分分别为2.68±0.67和2.77±0.75。
    结论:确定对儿科护士进行人工智能和机器人护士的培训提高了护士的知识水平和人工智能态度得分,但是人工智能态度分数的增加并不显著。
    结论:可以促进人工智能和机器人技术或先进技术在儿科护理中的应用。
    OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of training provided to pediatric nurses on their knowledge and attitude levels about artificial intelligence and robot nurses.
    METHODS: In this study, a single-group pre- and post-test quasi-experimental design was used. Data were collected from pediatric nurses working in Training and Research Hospital located in western Turkey. Forty-three pediatric nurses participated in the study. The study data were collected using the \"Pediatric Nurses\' Descriptive Characteristics Form\", \"Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Form\", and \"Artificial Intelligence General Attitude Scale\".
    RESULTS: The mean scores of the participating pediatric nurses obtained from the Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Form before, right after and one month after the training were 41.16 ± 14.95, 68.25 ± 13.57 and 69.06 ± 13.19, respectively. The mean scores they obtained from the Positive Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence subscale of the Artificial Intelligence General Attitude Scale before and after the training were 3.43 ± 0.54 and 3.59 ± 0.60, respectively whereas the mean scores they obtained from its Negative Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence subscale were 2.68 ± 0.67 and 2.77 ± 0.75, respectively.
    CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that the training given to the pediatric nurses about artificial intelligence and robot nurses increased the nurses\' knowledge levels and their artificial intelligence attitude scores, but this increase in the artificial intelligence attitude scores was not significant.
    CONCLUSIONS: The use of artificial intelligence and robotics or advanced technology in pediatric nursing care can be fostered.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:评估住院患儿对护理的满意度。
    方法:使用“医院儿童护理质量”问卷进行横断面研究。葡萄牙北部地区一家医院儿科收治了61名儿童。
    结果:参与者的年龄范围为6至15岁(10,61±2,66岁),大多数为男性(52.46%;n=32)。三个领域的平均得分为128(77.11%),反映出患儿对住院期间所提供的护理满意度较高。最受重视的领域是护士特征,而价值最低的是护理环境。
    结论:结果为计划儿童护理时要考虑的维度提供了必要的输入,管理护理,和病房里的物理环境。
    结论:这些结果强调了倾听儿童声音的必要性。这必须鼓励护士反思儿童如何评估护理,通过这样做,提高儿科机构提供的护理质量。
    OBJECTIVE: To assess hospitalized children\'s satisfaction with nursing care.
    METHODS: Cross-sectional study using the \"Children Care Quality at Hospital\" questionnaire. 61 children admitted to the Pediatrics Department of a hospital in the Northern Region of Portugal were enrolled.
    RESULTS: The ranged age of the participants was 6 to 15 (10,61 ± 2,66 years), and most were male (52.46%; n = 32). The mean score in the three domains was 128 (77.11%), reflecting children\'s high satisfaction with the nursing care provided during hospitalization. The domain most valued was Nurse Characteristics, while the least valued was Nursing Environment.
    CONCLUSIONS: Results provide essential input for the dimensions to be considered when planning nursing care for children, managing care, and the physical environment in the wards.
    CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the need to hear children\'s voices. This must encourage nurses to reflect on how children evaluate nursing care and, by doing so, to increase the quality of nursing care provided in Pediatrics settings.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目标:在不同的文化背景下,儿童和以家庭为中心的护理(CFCC)实践的证据有限,特别是关于在为慢性病儿童提供护理的护士中预测它的因素。此外,CFCC对护理质量的影响尚未得到很好的研究。这项研究旨在测试一个假设模型,其中护士的属性和护理环境预测CFCC,从而提高护理质量。
    方法:一项多中心横断面研究在2023年2月至2023年8月期间,在沙特阿拉伯招募了405名照顾慢性病儿童的护士,进行了一项在线调查。结构方程建模对假设模型进行了评估。
    结果:假设模型根据拟合指数拟合数据。护理环境影响CFCC(β=0.831,p=.000),而护理属性仅通过工作环境的中介作用间接影响CFCC实践(β=0.553,p=.000)。CFCC实践对护理质量有积极影响(β=0.636,p=.000)。
    结论:护理属性影响工作环境,这影响了CFCC的实践,并提高了慢性病儿童的护理质量。投资于护士的属性和积极的工作环境对于护理领导者提高CFCC实践和护理质量至关重要。
    结论:这项研究的结果可用于制定政策和制定干预措施,以改善CFCC护理实践,并提高慢性病儿童的护理质量。
    OBJECTIVE: There is limited evidence of children and family-centered care (CFCC) practice in different cultural contexts, particularly regarding the factors that predict it among nurses providing care to chronically ill children. Also, the CFCC\'s impact on the quality of care has not been well studied. This study aimed to test a hypothesized model in which nurses\' attributes and care environments predict CFCC, thereby increasing the quality of nursing care.
    METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study recruited a convenience sample of 405 nurses caring for chronically ill children in Saudi Arabia for an online survey between February 2023 and August 2023. Structural Equation Modeling evaluated the hypothesized model.
    RESULTS: The hypothesized model fits the data based on the fit indices. Care environment affected CFCC (β = 0.831, p = .000), while nursing attributes only indirectly affected CFCC practices through the mediating effect of the work environment (β = 0.553, p = .000). The CFCC practices positively affect the quality of nursing care (β = 0.636, p = .000).
    CONCLUSIONS: Nursing attributes impact the work environment, which affects the practice of CFCC and enhances the quality of care for chronically ill children. Investing in nurses\' attributes and a positive work environment is crucial for nursing leaders to enhance CFCC practice and the quality of care.
    CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study can be used to shape policies and develop interventions to improve nursing CFCC practices and promote better quality of care for chronically ill children.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:COVID-19大流行和口罩的使用给儿科护士带来了许多沟通挑战。这项研究的目的是调查这些挑战以及护士在患病儿童护理期间用来克服这些挑战的策略。
    方法:这是一项使用常规内容分析的定性研究。护士通过基于目的的抽样选择,并于2023年4月至6月在大不里士的儿童教育治疗中心进行了半结构性访谈。伊朗。样本量由数据饱和原理确定。这项研究的报告遵循了COREQ指南。
    结果:对12名护士进行了访谈。分析揭示了四个主要类别:“通信中的干扰”,“信任中的干扰”,“提供护理的混乱”,和“护士”策略,以减轻面罩使用的挑战。为了解决面具带来的挑战,护士使用的解决方案,如去除口罩和减轻使用口罩的不良影响。研究的中心主题是“人文关怀需要基于信任的沟通”。
    结论:这项研究强调了儿科护士在COVID-19大流行期间因戴口罩而面临的沟通挑战。尽管面临这些挑战,护士制定了创新策略,以改善与年轻患者的沟通并建立信任。需要进一步的研究来评估这些策略的有效性和可行性。
    结论:这些策略对于在类似条件下与儿童一起工作的其他护士可能有用。需要进一步的研究来评估这些策略在不同环境和人群中的有效性和可行性。
    OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic and the use of facemasks have caused many communication challenges for pediatric nurses. The purpose of this study was to investigate these challenges and the strategies that nurses use to overcome them during the nursing care of sick children.
    METHODS: This was a qualitative study using conventional content analysis. The nurses were selected by purpose-based sampling and interviewed semi-structurally between April and June 2023 at the Children\'s Educational Therapy Center in Tabriz, Iran. The sample size was determined by the data saturation principle. The report of this research followed the COREQ guidelines.
    RESULTS: Twelve nurses were interviewed. The analysis revealed four main categories: \"Disturbances in communication\", \"Disturbances in trust\", \"Disturbances in providing care\", and \"Nurses\' strategies to mitigate the challenges of mask usage. To solve the challenges caused by the mask, nurses used solutions such as removing the mask and mitigating the adverse effects of mask usage they used. The central theme of the study was \"Humanistic care requires trust-based communication\".
    CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the communication challenges faced by pediatric nurses due to mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these challenges, nurses have developed innovative strategies to improve communication and build trust with their young patients. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of these strategies.
    CONCLUSIONS: These strategies can be useful for other nurses who work with children in similar conditions. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of these strategies in different settings and populations.
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