化学污染物是水生生态系统的主要问题,因为它们可以诱导遗传,生物化学,以及这些生态系统物种的生理变化,从而损害了他们的适应能力和生存能力。卡皮巴里贝河贯穿伯南布哥州,位于巴西东北部,穿过农业种植区,人口稠密的城市,和工业中心,主要是纺织品。尽管它很重要,很少对其环境进行生态毒理学研究,关于污染模式及其对生物群的影响的知识仍在确定中。这项研究的目的是评估从Capibaribube的七个战略要点获得的尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromisniloticus)的DNA标本上的水质和污染物可能造成的损害。从2015年到2017年,在雨季和旱季收集了罗非鱼标本和水。分析了以下特征:物理化学(六),金属浓度(七),当地的洪水泛滥,微核,和彗星试验。物理化学和重金属分析是探索性的,而生态毒理学分析是假设的。为了验证这个假设,我们将收集的鱼群与微核试验和彗星试验的结果进行了比较。我们创建了一个结构方程模型(SEM)来确定每种金属的微核变量,损伤指数,丰满性,和浓度有关。我们的结果表明,在重金属浓度最高的点检测到遗传损伤标记的最高值,尤其是铁,锌,锰,铬,还有镉.SEM表明金属可以解释遗传毒性标记的发现。此外,其他污染物,比如杀虫剂,应该考虑,主要是河流穿过农村地区的地方。此处提供的结果表明,卡皮巴里贝河具有不同程度的污染,并证实了我们的假设。
Chemical pollutants represent a leading problem for aquatic ecosystems, as they can induce genetic, biochemical, and physiological changes in the species of these ecosystems, thus compromising their adaptability and survival. The Capibaribe River runs through the state of Pernambuco, located in Northeastern Brazil, and passes through areas of agricultural cultivation, densely populated cities, and industrial centers, primarily textiles. Despite its importance, few ecotoxicological studies have been conducted on its environment, and knowledge about pollution patterns and their effects on its biota is still being determined. The objective of this
study was to evaluate the water quality and the damage supposed to be caused by pollutants on the DNA specimens of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) obtained from seven strategic points of Capibaribe. Tilapia specimens and water were collected during the rainy and dry seasons from 2015 to 2017. The following characteristics were analyzed: physicochemical (six), metal concentration (seven), local pluviosity, micronuclei, and comet assay. The physicochemical and heavy metal analyses were exploratory, whereas the ecotoxicological analyses were hypothetical. To verify this hypothesis, we compared the groups of fish collected to the results of the micronuclei test and comet assay. We created a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to determine how each metal\'s micronuclei variables, damage index, pluviosity, and concentration were related. Our results demonstrated that the highest values for markers of genetic damage were detected at points with the highest heavy metal concentrations, especially iron, zinc, manganese, chromium, and cadmium. The SEM demonstrated that metals could explain the findings of the genotoxicity markers. Moreover, other pollutants, such as pesticides, should be considered, mainly where the river passes through rural areas. The results presented here demonstrate that the Capibaribe River has different degrees of contamination and confirm our hypothesis.